CLASSIFICATIO:^- OF AMERICAN AVHEAT VAPdETIES. 7 
AMERICAN CLASSIFICATIONS. 
Harmon, in 1844 {103), published descriptions and histories of 
about 30 varieties of wheat which he had grown in Monroe County, 
N. Y. 
Klippart, in 1858 {ISl)^ described a large number of wheat varie- 
ties grown in Ohio and grouped them into a partly classified order. 
Todd, in 1868 {193) , described a number of wheat varieties, most 
of the descriptions, however, being obtained from agricultural litera- 
ture of the time. He suggested that the Government " take hold of 
this subject [the nomenclature of wheat] in a proper manner and 
establish a common standard of merit and an intelligible description 
of each variety ..." 
Killebrew, in 1877 {ISO) , described a number of American wheats, 
most of which had been described previously by Klippart or Todd. 
He grouped the varieties into two families, winter wheats and spring 
wheats. The winter wheats were divided into six classes based upon 
their kernel characters, white, amber, and red, and upon the awned 
or awnless character. The spring wheats, which were all regarded 
as being awned, were placed in three classes, with white, amber, or 
red kernels. 
Tracy, in 1881 {195)^ listed a number of wheat varieties grown by 
him at the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station. The varieties 
were partly described, showing the '^ bearded " or " smooth " heads 
and the color and size of the kernels. He mentions several varietal 
names as being synonymous. 
Devol, in 1887 {80) and in 1888 {81), published a classification of 
the wheat varieties being grown at the Ohio Agricultural Experi- 
ment Station. This classification was further developed by Hick- 
man {113) , who in 1889 divided the varieties into eight morphologi- 
cal groups. 
Plumb, in 1889 {lo3), described a large number of wheat varieties, 
chiefly American, and gave the histories of many of them. 
Blount, in 1892 {47), listed 478 varieties of wheat which he was 
growing experimentally in New Mexico. Histories of some of these 
AA'ere given. 
Carleton, in 1900 {o8), summarized the varietal information of that 
time, listed about 350 varieties, gave their source by countries and 
their principal characters, and grouped them by districts of the 
United States to which they are best adapted. 
Scofield, in 1902 {172), classified and described a large number 
of durum Avheats grown in Algeria, many of which were introduced 
into the United States about 1901. He also described the characters 
used in classification. In 1903 Scofield {17S) prepared a detailed list 
of characters to be used in the description of wheat varieties. He 
