CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN WHEAT VAEIETIES. 
83 
grown in the Eastern States from 1830 to 1850, was described by Harmon as 
awnless, with white glumes and hard white kernels. There seems to be no 
winter wheat of that description now grown, and the Flint wheat now in cultiva- 
tion undoubtedly has red kernels, as described above, and is similar to wheat 
known as Little Red May, Early May, and Rappahannock. The-se are all old 
names in American wheat literature. Little Red May is listed by Killebrew {130, 
p. 56) as a variety of the above description which " was brought into Tennessee 
by Joseph Jacobs from Missouri, no doubt having been taken there from Ken- 
tucky or Virginia. It had, however, imi^roved by its visit, and is a very prolific, 
and in some sections a very popular variety." The names Little Red May, 
Little Red, and Little May are still in use for this variety. 
Early May was listed as a variety grown in Iowa as early as 1852 (87, p. 
341) which later became an important variety in that State (-^, p. 518). 
At least some of the wheat now grown under that name is Flint. The same is 
true for Rappahannock, which also is now used as synonymous with Red May 
and in 1875 was recorded as synonymous with Michigan Amber (11). 
Distribution. — Grown as Flint in Georgia, North Carolina, Ohio, South Caro- 
lina, Virginia, and West Virginia, and under the synonyms in Alabama, Ar- 
kansas, Illinois, Missouri, and Tennessee. 
The distribution is shown in Figure 30. 
Sijnonyms. — Early May, Little May, Little 
Red, Little Red May, May, Rappahannock, 
Red Davie, and Red May. The name Early 
May, as shown above, has long been used for 
Flint wheat. It was reported under this 
name in Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, and 
South Carolina. Little May was reported 
from Platte County, Mo., and Little Red 
from Arkansas, Georgia, North Carolina, 
Tennessee, and Virginia. Little Red May 
and May are also occasionally used for 
Flint wheat. Rappahannock and Red May 
were reported by J. J. Collins, Spartanburg, S. C, as synonymous names for a 
wheat similar to Flint which had been grown for 25 years in that vicinity. 
Rappahannock was also reported from Oregon County, Mo. Red Davie is a 
local name for Flint w^heat in Surry and Wilkes Counties, N. C. According 
to J. B. Fells, Red Davie has been grown for 50 years in the vicinity of 
Elkin, N. C. 
FULTZ. 
Fig. 30.— Outline map of a portion 
of the east-central United States, 
showing the distribution of Flint 
wheat in 1919. Estimated area, 
97,200 acres. 
Description. — rPiant winter habit, midseason, midtall : stem purple, midstrong; 
spike awnless, oblong-fusiform, middense, inclined to nodding; glumes gla- 
brous, white, midlong, midwide ; shoulders midwide, oblique to square ; beaks 
^narrow to midwide, obtuse, 0.5 mm. long ; apical awns few, 3 to 15 mm. long ; 
kernels pale red, usually short, ovate; germ midsized; crease usually mid- 
w^ide, shallow to middeep ; cheeks rounded to angular : brush midsized, midlong. 
Spikes, glumes, and kernels of this wheat are shown in Plate XIX, A. 
History. — The origin of Fultz wheat has been recorded by Carleton (61, p. 
199-200), as follows: 
In 1862, in Mifflin County, Pa., Abraham Fultz, while passing through a field 
of Lancaster wheat, which is an awned variety, found three spikes of awnless 
wheat. He sowed the seed from these spikes the same year and continued sow- 
ing a larger amount each year until he obtained sufficient seed to distribute it 
pretty w^ell over the country. It soon became a well-marked and popular 
variety called Fultz, from the name of the breeder. In 1871 the United States 
Department of Agriculture distributed 200 bushels of the wheat for seed. 
