86 BULLETIN 1074, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTUEE. 
easily shattered ; shoulders wanting to narrow, oblique ; beaks wide, obtuse, 
1 mm. long; apical awns several, 1 to 10 mm. long; kernels red, short to mid- 
long, soft, ovate ; germ midsized ; crease narrow to midwide, shallow to mid- 
deep ; cheeks usually rounded ; brush midsized, midlong. 
This variety is very distinct from Fultz in having very strong stems and 
erect, dense, clavate spikes. 
Spikes, glumes, and kernels are shown in Plate XIX, B. 
History. — The origin of Fultzo-Mediterranean is not definitely known. 
Many synonyms are used for the variety, one of which may be the original 
name. The variety was first distributed as Fultzo-Mediterranean by Everitt's 
O. K. Seed Store, Indianapolis, Ind., in 1898. The variety was evidently named 
by that firm, and it is claimed by them to have originated from a cross between 
Fultz and Mediterranean. The following statement concerning its origin was 
made in their catalogue in 1899 {89, p. 8) : 
Mareied. — Two Noble Old Families Joined in Wedlock — Mr. Fultz to Miss 
Mediterranean. Their first-born is well named, Fultzo-Mediterranean, and is 
a worthy offspring from Noble Stock. 
Fultzo-Mediterranean shoM^s no indication of having been derived from 
Mediterranean, although it has many of the characters of Fultz. Neither of 
the alleged parents has the clavate spike 
of the Fultzo-Mediterranean. 
Distribution. — Grown in Delaware, 
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Ken- 
tucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, 
Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Okla- 
homa, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Vir- 
ginia, and West Virginia. The distribu- 
tion is shown in Figure 32. 
Sijnoyms. — Burrhead, Club, Club Head, 
Columbia, Double Head, Duck Bill, Early 
Ontario, Economy, Farmers Pride, Flat 
Top, Four-Row Fultz, Harper, New Co- 
lumbia, Scott's Squarehead, Square Head, 
Square Top, and Stub Head. Of these, 
the names Burrhead, Club, Club Head, 
Double Head, Duck Bill, Flat Top, 
Square Head, Square Top, and Stub 
Head are names used for Fultzo-Medi- 
terranean in several of the Eastern 
States, particularly North Carolina, Vir- 
ginia, and West Virginia. In that section it is often wrongly referred to as 
Club wheat. The names Columbia and New Columbia are known to be old 
names for the variety. In fact, the latter name was used for the variety by 
Everitt in the same year he first distributed it as Fultzo-Mediterranean and 
evidently also before that time, as the following quotation is from' the same 
catalogue as the quotation given above : 
An Illinois production and first made public the year of the great World's 
Fair. Too mucli can not be said in its praise for hardiness, vigorous growth, 
and productiveness. In short, it has great merit and is entitled to be cm lied our 
national wheat, as it bears our national name. Smooth head, white chaff, 
plump red grains. Wherever sown it makes friends. (89, p. 11.) 
New Columbia was reported grown in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, 
North Carolina, Ohio, and Tennessee. 
Early Ontario is the name under whicli wheat similar to Fultzo-Mediterra- 
nean was obtained from the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station in 1916. 
.1 
V 
f%^ 
V 
W$Sm 
iVY 
Fig. 32. — Outline map of a portion of 
the eastern United States, showing the 
distribution of Fultzo - Mediterranean 
wheat in 1919. Estimated area, 287,900 
acres. 
