100 BULLETIN 1074, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
The distinctive characters of the Arcadian variety are the stiff straw and 
the extremely clavate spike. A spike of this variety is shown in Plate Y, Fig- 
ure 6. 
History. — Originated by A. N. Jones, Newark, Wayne County, N. Y., in 1895, 
as the result of a direct cross between Early Genesee Giant and Early Red 
Clawson (6i, p. 221). 
Distribution. — Grown commercially in Yakima and Klickitat Counties, Wash., 
in 1916. Not reported from New York, w^here it was first distributed. 
WINDSOR (EXTEA EAELY WINDSOR). 
Descnption. — Plant winter habit, early to midseason, short to midtall; stem 
purple, midstrong ; spike awnless, fusiform, middense, nodding ; glumes glabrous, 
brown, midlong, midwide; shoulders wanting to narrow, rounded to oblique; 
beaks narrow, obtuse, 0. 5 mm. long ; apical awns few, 5 to 10 mm. long ; kernels 
white, midlong, soft, broadly ovate; germ midsized to large; crease midwide, 
shallow to middeep ; cheeks usually angular ; brush small, midlong. 
Windsor differs from Goldcoin chiefly in having an oblong, nodding spike. 
History. — The origin is undertermined. It was grown by the Ohio Agricul- 
tural Experiment Station as early as 1892 {20 Jt, p. 52). 
Distribution. — Grown experimentally by the Ohio and Cornell University 
(New York) Agricultural Experiment Stations and commercially in Kalamazoo 
County, Michigan. 
GOLDCOIN (GOLD COIN). 
Description. — Plant winter habit, early to midseason, short to midtall; stem 
purple, strong; spike awnless, clavate, middense, erect to inclined; glumes 
glabrous, brown, long, midwide ; shoulders midwide, oblique to square ; beaks 
wide, obtuse, 1 mm. long; apical awns several, 5 to 15 mm. long; kernels white, 
short to midlong, soft, ovate ; germ midsized ; crease midwide, middeep ; cheeks 
usually rounded ; brush small, midlong, collared. 
The distinctive characters of Goldcoin wheat are the purple straw, clavate 
spike, and collared brush. Spikes, glumes, and kernels of this variety are 
shown in Plate XXIII, B. 
History. — The Goldcoin variety is probably a descendant from the Redchaff 
or Redchaff Bald wheat mentioned in early agricultural literature as being 
grown in the Genesee Valley of New York, as early as 1798. The following 
history of Redchaff was recorded by Allen {S6, p. 153) in 1885. 
The old Genesee Redchaff is a bald, white wheat, first cultivated in the same 
region in 1798, and for a long time it wns the decided favorite. Since 1820, how- 
ever, it has been very subject to rust and blast, but when circumstances are 
favorable it is still found to be highly productive. Its transfer to other local- 
ities may therefore be attended with great success. 
Soules is an early name applied to a wheat apparently identical with Gold- 
coin. The following statement concerning the origin of Soules was recorded by 
Harmon {103, p. 225) in 1843: 
In the first volume of the New Genesee Farmer (2) this new wheat was 
noticed as being discovered, or a few heads being found, in a field of White 
Flint by Jonathan Soule, of Perrington, Monroe County. 
This wheat became well established in New York in the late forties, and 
by 1857, according to Klippart. {131, p. 755-756), was an important variety in 
Ohio. About 1897 this wheat or a selection from it became known as New 
Soules. Soules and White Soules were reported in 1919 from Michigan, 
