118 BULLETIN 1074, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGETCULTUEE. 
Illini Chief is very similar to Red May, but differs sliglitly in being taller 
and later. It was originally mixed with Jones Winter Fife and with pubescent 
brown-glumed strains, most of which were heterozygous. Illini Chief is re- 
ported to be very resistant to Hessian fly injury. 
History. — Illini Chief wheat was first distributed in the fall of 1915, by 
E. L. Gillham, Edwardsville, 111. He advertised the variety as resistant to 
Hessian fly, stating "that it does practically resist Hessian fly attack." {95.) 
Further history of Illini Chief wheat is recorded as follows : 
Ed. Gillham, who was the first man to grow the wheat, bought the seed nine 
years ago from a neighbor by the name of Finley, and it is still known as 
Finley wheat in Madison County {SI, p. 5). 
Finley was reported in 1919 from Kansas, Missouri, and Ohio. The name 
Finley was in use in the early eighties for an awnless variety with white, 
glabrous glumes and red kernels {81, p. 29). This wheat apparently has now 
gone out of cultivation. 
A second article in the Prairie Farmer by Dr. S. A. Forbes {90), State 
Entomologist of Illinois, contains the following sentence : " Mr. Gillham has 
traced his original stock to an Ohio 
farmer, who called it Early Carlyle." 
No wheat was reported under this 
latter name in the survey. 
Distrihution. — Grovrn as Illini Chief 
in Illinois and Missouri and as Finley 
in Kansas and Ohio. 
Synonyms. — Early Carlyle and Finley. 
EED CLAWSON (EAELT RED CLAWSON). 
Fig. 46. — Outline map of tJtie northeastern 
United States, showing the distribution 
of Red Clawson wheat in 1919. Esti- 
mated area, 80,900 acres. 
square, sometimes rounded or oblique ; 
Description. — Plant Vv^nter habit, 
midseason, midtall ; stem purple, strong ; 
spike awnless, oblong to linear clavate, 
middense, erect to inclined; glumes 
glabrous, brown, midlong, midwide ; 
shoulders midwide to wide, usually 
beaks midwide, obtuse, 0.5 to 1.0 mm. 
long ; apical awns few, 5 to 15 mm. long ; kernels pale red, midlong. soft, ovate 
to elliptical ; germ small to midsized ; crease midwide, shallow to middeep ; cheeks 
rounded to angular; brush midsized, midlong. 
Differs from Red May in being later and in having a slightly longer and more 
clavate spike, narrower glumes, and a longer kernel. Spikes, glumes, and kernels 
of Red Clawson wheat are shown in Plate XXX, A. 
History. — Red Clavrson was originated in 1888 as the result of a cross between 
Clawson, a white wheat, and Golden Cross, made by A, N. .Tones, of Newark, 
Wayne County, N. Y. (58). It was advertised and distributed by Peter Hender- 
son & Co. {110), seedsmen, of New York City, as early as 1889. 
Distribution. — Grown in Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, 
Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, 
West Virginia, and Wisconsin. (Fig. 46.) 
Synonyms. — Clawson, Early Red Clawson, and Zeller's Valley. The name 
Clawson properly is applied only to the white-kerneled wheat which was one 
parent of the Red Clawson, but sometimes is used for Red Clawson. Zeller's 
Valley is the name under which a sample of wheat nearly identical with Red 
Clawson was obtained in 1919 from Sharpsburg, Md., where it was reported the 
variety had been grown for 40 years. 
