126 BULLETi:::^ 1074, u. s. depaetme:^t of agriculture. 
Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. It was first gro^Yn at that station 
in 1893. As far as known it was a mass variety. Marvel Bluestem is a 
name which was applied to Bluestem wheat by J. A. Salzer & Co., seedsmen, of 
La Crosse, Wis. It is known to have been used at least as early as 1892. 
Marvel Bluestem was reported in 1919 from Minnesota, South Dakota, and 
Wisconsin. Minnesota No. 169, as shown above, is a pure-line selection of 
Haynes Bluestem, developed at the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. 
Velvet Bluestem is a name used by Carleton (58, p. 65-66) for the bulk un- 
selected Bluestem wheat grown in the Northwest 
Description. — This variety also is identical with Haynes Bluestem in all 
morphological characters, but has outyielded it in North Dakota. 
History. — The Dakota is a pure-line selection from the original Haynes 
Bluestem, originated at the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station 
about 1898. It was first called by its number. North Dakota No. 316, later by 
the name Select Bluestem, and finally was named Dakota. 
Distribution. — It was widely grown in North Dakota about a decade ago, 
but now probably has largely disappeared from cultivation. 
Synonyms. — North Dakota No. 316, Select Bluestem. 
GALGALOS. 
Description. — Plant spring habit, although remaining prostrate during its 
early growth, midseason, midtall ; stem white, slender, weak ; leaves pubescent, 
glaucous ; spike awnless, fusiform, lax, inclined ; glumes pubescent, light brown, 
long, midwide ; shoulders midwide, oblique to square ; beaks wide, acute 1 to 2 
mm. long; apical awns many, 3 to 30 mm. long; kernels white, midlong, soft, 
ovate to elliptical, slightly humped, ventral side rounded; germ small; crease 
narrow, shallow ; cheeks usually rounded ; brush midsized, midlong. 
This variety is distinguished by its pubescent, brown glumes and pubescent 
leaves. It is a high-yielding wheat in dry climates and is one of the best 
white wheats for bread baking. Its weak straw, however, is a serious objec- 
tion. Spikes, glumes, and kernels of Galgalos wheat are shown in Plate 
XXXIII, B. 
History. — Galgalos (S. P. I. No. 9872) was introduced in 1903 by the United 
States Department of Agriculture [191) from the Erivan Government in 
Transcaucasian Russia, 
Distribution. — Grown in Kings, Lassen, Merced, San Luis Obispo, and Shasta 
Counties, Calif. ; and Crook, Grant, Jefferson, Josephine, and Wallowa Coun- 
ties, Oreg. 
Synonyms. — Russian Red, Velvet Chaff. Russian Red is a local name used 
for Galgalos in Shasta County, Calif., and Velvet Chaff is a local name used 
for it in Josephine County, Oreg. 
SONOKA. 
Description. — Plant spring habit, early, short to midtall; stem white, strong; 
spil^:e awnless, oblong, short, dense, erect ; glumes pubescent, brown, midlong, 
midwide, easily shattered ; shoulders narrow, usually oblique : beaks narrow, 
acuminate, 1 to 3 mm. long; apical awns several, 3 to 8 mm. long; kernels 
Mhite, short, soft, ovate to oval ; germ small ; crease midwide, shallow ; cheeks 
rounded ; brush small, short. 
