THE CHERRY LEAF-BEETLE. 9 
black. Head red, coarsely punctured, without median depression, frontal tubercles 
smooth. Thorax nearly twice as wide as long, narrower in front, sides arcuate, or 
obtusely subangulate, hind angles distinct, base on each side obliquely sinuate, disc 
feebly convex, a broad depression each side and another along the middle, surface 
coarsely punctured, more densely in the depressions; scutellum red; elytra broader 
behind the middle, sides arcuate, margin explanate, humeri distinct, but rounded; 
sutural angle well marked, but obtuse; disc with coarse and deep punctures not 
crowded, less deep near the apex, interspaces smooth, shining. Body beneath red, 
the metasternum often piceous, sparsely finely punctate and finely pubescent. 
Legs variable in color entirely red to almost entirely piceous. Length .18-.22 inch; 
4.5-5.5 mm. 
Male.—Claws finely bifid at apex. Last ventral segment broadly emarginate at 
apex, with a deep triangular depression limited by a sharply elevated line. 
Female.—Claws more deeply bifid, the parts more divergent. Last ventral segment 
with a very slight emargination, in front of which 
is a slight fovea. 
The middle coxe are absolutely contiguous, the 
mesosternum is not prolonged between them, except 
as to the color of the legs no variation has been 
observed in this species. 
LIFE HISTORY. 
In the life-history work data were ob- 
tained on nearly 600 individuals, almost 
half of which were carried through their 
entire development from hatching to 
emergence of the adult insect. Daily 
observations were made and recorded, so 
that all transformations were noted 
within 24 hours of their occurrence. 
It should be noted that the period— 
August and the first half of September— 
covered by these observations was one 
of unusually low temperature and high fie. 7.—The cherry leaf-beetle: Pupa. 
humidity for theseason. In August there PLR, Tee eee 
was at Erie, 16 miles west of North East, an average daily deficiency 
in temperature of 2.3° F. and an excess in precipitation over the 
normal, for the month, of 6.02 inches. In September the tempera- 
ture was higher, but the precipitation was still abnormally high. The 
life-history periods shown by this data, therefore, are probably some- 
what longer than the normal for the species. 
The life-history work was carried on in 1-inch vials, the larve 
being supplied daily with fresh leaves of pin cherry. For pupation 
about 14 inches of earth was supplied. For larger lots jelly tumblers 
were used. Very few of the individuals failed to mature and emerge 
_ as beetles. 
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