APPLICATION OF REFRIGERATION TO HANDLING OF MILK. 71 
is allowed to run out at the doors, or through cracks in the floors. 
The other type of car is provided with ice bunkers or brine tanks. 
In these cars the bunkers are located in the ends of the car and have 
a ratio of ice to loading capacity of about 1 to 11 cubic feet. In 
some of the more recent designs of milk cars a mixture of salt and 
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Fig. 33.— Curves showing the relative rise in temperature of milk contained in insulated and uninsu- 
lated cans. Average air temperature, 82.65° F. 
ice is used to obtain lower temperatures than can be had with ice 
alone. 
One of the latest designs of refrigerator cars for use in trans- 
porting milk, employing a mixture of brine and ice, is constructed 
with two refrigerator compartments, each having a floor capacity 
of 160 46-quart cans, 13 inches in diameter. The volume of the 
refrigerating compartment is 1,468 cubic feet. The design of brine 
