INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION OF LIVE STOCK. 3 
process the animals are beaten, thrown from the cars, or otherwise 
brutally treated, the object desired by the shippers and intended by 
the law is not attained. The live stock as the result of such treat- 
ment arrive at destination in a feverish condition and the quality 
of the meat may be affected if the animals are slaughtered' while 
in that state. 
The main purpose of the statute, however, is to prevent cruelty to 
animals while in the course of transportation. How well it has 
served this purpose may be judged from the fact that whereas for- 
merly it was not uncommon for carriers to confine animals in cars 
for periods of 50 to 60 hours or even more, now the carriers, as a 
whole, are endeavoring to unload them within the statutory period 
and to give them proper care and treatment when unloaded. 
REQUIREMENTS OF THE LAW. 
PROPER FEED AND WATER. 
The statute requires that the animals while in the course of inter- 
state transportation shall be provided with proper feed and water 
at the expiration of each period of 28 hours unless the owner or per- 
son in custody of the live stock has authorized their confinement in 
the cars for an additional 8 hours, in which event it is required that 
the animals be furnished with proper feed and water at the end of 
every 36 hours by the shipper, but if he fails to meet this requirement, 
the transportation company must do it for him. This additional 8 
hours of authorized confinement is one of the provisions in the law 
of 1906 which did not appear in the law of 1873, and enables the 
shipper to get his live stock to market in many instances without the 
necessity for unloading the animals, avoiding the delay, inconven- 
ience, and feeding expense incident thereto. The majority of ship- 
pers avail themselves of this privilege. There are, however, some 
serious abuses practiced in this connection which are mentioned later. 
By proper feed and water is meant not only sufficient feed to allay 
hunger and sufficient water to quench thirst, but the feed and water 
must be of a proper quality and must be furnished at proper intervals. 
It is not required that feed be furnished in quantity large enough 
for fattening, but enough to satisfy hunger and thereby keep the ani- 
mals quiet and contented during their journey to destination. 
The amount of feed which should be given to various classes of 
animals varies with the length of time between feedings and the 
weights of the animals. It is believed that for each 24 hours the 
ration for horses and cattle should be not less than 1\ pounds of hay 
to each hundredweight of animal ; for sheep, not less than \\ pounds 
of hay to each hundredweight of animal; and for hogs, not less 
than 1 pound of shelled corn, or its equivalent in ear corn or other 
grain, to each hundredweight of animal. 
