In cooperation with the 
3 Idaho, Kansas, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, and 
Washington Agricultural Experiment Stations; the Amarillo ( Tex.) Cham- & 
ber of Commerce; and the Wyoming State Board of Farm Commissioners $4 
DEPARTMENT BULLETIN No. 1276 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULT 
VARIETAL EXPERIMENTS WITH HARD RED WINTER WHEATS IN THE 
DRY AREAS OF THE WESTERN UNITED STATES 
By J. ALLEN CLARK, Agronomist in Charge, and Joun H. Martin, 
Associate Agronomist, Western Wheat Investigations, Office of Cereal Inves- 
tigations, Bureau of Plant Industry 
CONTENTS 
Page Page 
The hardred winter wheats____-____________- 1 | Varietal experiments—Continued. 
WVarieties:eompared . .. f=. eT ee 2 Summary of yaeldss 22s: 2k. ae 33 
Key todhe, varieties’. Ss.) 255 eS 3 Days from emergence to maturity _______ 33 
Origin of the varieties == ===. + 3 | a Winter sunviviale. =. Se. Sees Se a ee 36 
Location of the experiments________________- 7 Stem=nast infection] +5 32 2 2s 52 37 
Great: Plains areas 86-223 oo eee 8 ierenOtmplants sto) ut Best et Mee 39 
Great ‘Basinenrea <2 a a a ee. 8 Test weight per bushel__________--____-- 41 
Experimentalamethods.-_ 7-23. see: 9 Crude-protein content_____________--____ 44 
Number and size of plats____________---- 9 Rare] dieffour=- 24-8 2 See eS 45 
Interpretation of the results____________- 9 Welmo.0floafeet.. _- =... $=. 4.22.2. .-4 45 
WVarictalexpermments._.. 2s. 5. = ke 16” | Snaieasey-Of results. -.3 --. 5. Bs 46 
FACED VIGIG= eo. es ee 12 
THE HARD RED WINTER WHEATS 
Hard red winter wheat, introduced into America from Russia about 
50 years ago, is now the leading commercial class of wheat in the 
United States. The introduction of hard red winter wheat resulted 
in the extension of wheat growing into areas where without it success- 
ful farming would have been much more difficult, if not impossible. 
The growing of this wheat also resulted in the development of a large 
milling industry in the Central and Southwestern States. 
Many of the failures of pioneer farmers in the drier sections of the 
western United States were due to the attempt to grow unadapted 
crops. The introduction of hard red winter wheat into certain of 
these localities which had been abandoned by the earliest settlers 
later made possible a permanent wheat-growing industry. Hard 
red winter wheat is now the principal crop in many sections of limited 
rainfall, including much of Kansas and Nebraska, western Oklahoma, 
northeastern Colorado, central Montana, and the drier portions of the 
Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington. In these areas farming 
was not practiced or was exceedingly hazardous before this class of 
wheat was grown. It is also the most productive class of wheat of 
other sections, including the Panhandle district of Texas and the 
dry lands of Utah and southeastern Idaho. East of the principal 
96528°—25,——1 1 
