Bui. 1477, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture 
Plate 31 
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Growth and Fruit-Spur Development of the President Plum in Rela- 
tion to Pruning and to Soil and Other Conditions 
A. — Several 7-year-old President plum grafts top-worked on peach and growing in fertile irrigated 
hillside land. The annual pruning practice is indicated by the branching. Note the fruit 
spurs throughout the tree. (Compare with C) 
B. — Branches on a tree which has been kept well open and moderately headed back each winter. 
The soil has been irrigated and is moderately fertile. (Compare with D) 
C. — A number of 15-year-old President plum grafts top-worked on apricot. The soil is deep and 
fertile but not irrigated. It has been necessary to head back the new shoots severely each 
winter to induce a vigorous wood growth. The twigs are slender and produce fruit instead 
of spurs, or, if spurs develop, they fail to produce leaves when 1 year old and die after fruit- 
ing. (Compare with A and pi. 32, A. Vacaville, Calif.) 
D. — An 8-year-old fruiting branch of a tree which grew in an unirrigated section where the annual 
wood growth is short and fruit is borne on 1-year-old branches instead of spurs. Each year 
the new shoots were headed back to below the point to which spurs were produced to main- 
tain the vigor necessary for the production of large fruit. (Compare with B) 
