24 BULLETIN 404, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Table II. — Comparison between wood and hemp hurds. 
Pulp yield. 
Raw material 
required per 
year. 
Annual 
growth 
per acre. 
Acres required for sus- 
tained supply. 
Material. 
For 25-ton 
mill. 
For It on 
of fiber 
per year. 
Wood 
Two cords 
yield 1 ton of 
fiber. 
One ton yields 
600 pounds 
of fiber. 
15,000 cords 
25,000 tons 
0.37 cord 
(about 
0.55 ton). 
2.5 tons. . . 
40,500 
10,000 
5.4 
Hemp hurds 
1.33 
The most important point derived from this calculation is in regard 
to areas required for a sustained supply, which are in the ratio of 4 
to 1. Every tract of 10,000 acres which is devoted to hemp raising 
year by year is equivalent to a sustained pulp-producing capacity of 
40,500 acres of average pulp-wood lands. In other words, in order to 
secure additional raw material for the production of 25 tons of fiber 
per day there exists the possibility of utilizing the agricultural waste 
already produced on 10,000 acres of hemp lands instead of securing, 
holding, reforesting, and protecting 40,500 acres of pulp-wood land. 
The annual growth per acre, although decidedly in favor of hurds, 
has little bearing on the project, because the utilization of the hurds 
is subordinate to the raising of hemp, and the paper manufacturer 
probably could afford to use only hurds resulting from the hemp 
industry. 
PHYSICAL TESTS OF THE PAPERS PRODUCED. 
Samples of paper produced in the seven tests were submitted to 
the Leather and Paper Laboratory of the Bureau of Chemistry. The 
report of that bureau on its tests is given in Table III. 
Table III. — Report of the Leather and Paper Laboratory of the Bureau of Chemistry on 
papers manufactured from hemp hurds. 
Weight of 500 
sheets. 
Thick- 
ness, 
1/10000. 
Strength (Mullen). 
Strength 
Folding endur- 
ance. 
Labora- 
Run 
Xo. 
Ash. 
factor (25 
by 40, 
500). 
tory No. 
25 by 38. 
25 by 40. 
Aver- 
age. 
Maxi- 
mum. 
Mini- 
mum. 
Longi- 
tudinal. 
Trans- 
verse. 
Per ct. 
Pounds. 
Pounds. 
31570 
144 
13.9 
48 
50J 
33 
15.0 
17.0 
11.0 
0.30 

3 
31571 
143 
14.5 
49 
51 \ 
35 
14.0 
14.0 
13.0 
.28 
4 
4 
31572 
142 
9.5 
49£ 
52 
33 
19.0 
20.0 
19.0 
.37 
8 
6 
31573 
141 
10.9 
48 
50i 
38 
16.5 
18.0 
11.0 
.33 
10 
8 
31574 
140 
11.4 
42 
44 
30 
14.5 
16.0 
13.0 
.33 
7 
6 
31575 
139 
13.4 
00 
58 
40 
19.5 
20.0 
17.0 
.34 
8 

31576 
138 
10.4 ! 56 
59 
40 
20.0 
20.0 
19.0 
.34 
23 
15 
There is no system of numerically recording the general appearance 
and 
look through" of a paper, but it can be stated that only papers 
