FOREST MANAGEMENT OF LOBLOLLY PINE. 11 
not need to be considered, since future stands will be grown almost 
exclusively on short rotations of less than 75 years. The red heart 
grades (culls) of North Carolina pine lumber, provided for by the 
grading rules of the North Carolina Pine Association, will be of no 
importance after the old-growth timber is cut. 
UTILIZATION. 1 
USES.2 
Both the use and value of loblolly pine lumber have increased since 
the custom of seasoning it in dry kilns became common. Prior to 
that time loblolly lumber frequently went to the market green or 
imperfectly seasoned. It is largely sap wood, especially in small and 
medium-sized trees, and the water in it made it susceptible to attack 
by fungi, which gave a blue color to the wood, and not only marred 
its appearance but induced deterioration. Thorough drying in kilns 
removed the cause for that objection, and loblolly speedily won an 
important place in the market. Its range of uses is wide, and it is 
sold throughout the eastern and central United States and exported 
to Europe and Central America. 
The principal uses to which loblolly pine is put are: For building 
lumber, such as interior finish, flooring, ceiling, frames and sashes, 
wainscoting, weather boarding, joists, lath, and shingles; for boxes 
and packages, in the form of boards and veneers, and in the manufac- 
ture of slack barrels ; in the manufacture of cheap furniture, wooden- 
ware, toys, etc. ; for construction purposes, in bridge and trestle work, 
in heavy building operations where the conditions are not such as to 
require longleaf, and in car construction, chiefly for freight cars. 
Much loblolly pine is cut for crossties, for which it is well suited after 
being given a preservative treatment. It is among the most easily 
treated timbers in the United States, and the recent developments in 
wood impregnation processes and plants is rapidly increasing its use 
for many purposes. It is extensively used for mine props in the 
South and in Pennsylvania, frequently after being given a preserva- 
tive treatment. Few pines if any exceed loblolly in use for fuel. 
Immense quantities are shipped as cordwood for domestic purposes, 
and find markets in towns in the loblolly region arid in cities as far 
north as Philadelphia. Its use for fuel purposes in manufacturing is 
also extremely large, particularly in brick burning, pottery kilns, and 
by bakers who demand a quick, hot fire. 
A report of the woods used in Maryland for manufacturing purposes 
in 1909 3 shows loblolly as exceeding all other woods combined (17 
1 For characteristics of the wood see Appendix C. 
2 Based on pp. 22-24, Bulletin 99 of the Forest Service, "Uses of Commercial Woods of the United 
States: Pines." 
3 The latest available figures. 
