BULLETIN 11, U. S. DEPAKTMENT OF AGKICULTUKE. 
all species and that of yellow pine in these counties in 1909, and an 
estimate of the proportion which loblolly formed of the yellow pine 
output. 
Table 1. — Cut of lumber in 60 counties of Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia in 1909. 
State. 
Cut of all 
species, 
Mb. f. 
Cut of yellow pine. 
M b. f. 
Pei - cent 
of total. 
51,967 
143,540 
1,295,353 
38,767 
97,975 
1,116,334 
74.6 
68.2 
86.2 
1,490,860 
1,253,076 
84.1 
Proportion of yellow pine 
output cut from lob- 
lolly pine. 
Delaware (2 counties; 135 square miles) .. . 
Maryland (13 counties; 440 square miles). 
Virginia (45 counties; 1,250 square miles). 
Total (1,825 square miles) 
90 per cent loblolly. 
80 per cent loblolly. 
75 per cent loblolly. 
As seen from the table, yellow pine forms the bulk of the lumber 
output, and is in turn composed chiefly of loblolly. 
FOREST TYPES. 
Loblolly pine occurs, even in the same locality, in a number of 
forest types arising from differences in physiography and soil. Five- 
sixths of the region, including all of the Maryland and Delaware por- 
tions and the larger part of the area in Virginia, lies in the compara- 
tively flat coastal plains or " tidewater" region, with an average 
elevation of about 100 feet above sea, and containing much wet, 
poorly drained land. The remaining one-sixth is in the eastern 
part of the well-drained rolling hill country or Piedmont section of 
middle Virginia, with an elevation varying from 100 to 500 feet. The 
soils in the Coastal Plain section are generally light, while those in 
the Piedmont are heavy. 
Coastal Plain Types. 
In the tidewater section loblolly pine grows : 
(1) In pure stands: (a) on old fields, where most of the pure stands 
of any extent are found; (b) on moist soils along the edges of swamps, 
streams, and ponds, usually in comparatively small groups. 
(2) In mixture with other species in swamps or semiswamps; 
(a) with cypress, gum, and maple on very wet land subject to over- 
flow; (b) with maple, gum, several species of oak, and yellow poplar 
on moist to wet land not subject to inundation. 
(3) On well-drained or upland soils in mixture with oaks, hickory, 
cedar, and gum, and shortleaf, scrub, and pitch pines. 
In the Virginia tidewater section, covering some 11,000 square 
miles (7,000,000 acres), loblolly is the only species of pine occurring 
to any extent in commercial quantities, and is the important timber 
tree. In the northern half of the Maryland-Delaware Coastal Plain 
