26 BULLETIN 642, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
ized utensils. The results appear graphically in figure 16, which 
shows the remarkable difference between the bacterial content of milk 
from sterilized and unsterilized utensils. The highest bacterial count 
of all the samples from sterilized utensils was 21,500 and from un- 
sterilized utensils 284,000 bacteria per cubic centimeter. 
TABLE 9.—Bacteria per cubic centimeter in dual samples of fresh milk when 
sterilized and unsterilized utensils were used. 
-Small-top pail. | Sma/’l-top pail. 
Sam- Sam- | 
Date. pie Date. ple 
No. Steril- | Unster- No. Steril- | Unster- 
ized. ilized. ized. __ ilized. 
] | 1 
1916 1946 : 
Aras O) Tile ea 1 3 700 17 DUO bebe. meses oo a 32 16,700 56,000 
Janes asaah oes eee 2 5,800 | 112,000 || Feb.8,p.m_.._.._._. 33 2,900 | 37,000 
Jano20=pmes a 3 6,900 | 47,600 || Feb.9,a.m........... 34 6,800 18,300 
Same 2d a as eee 4 12,500 38, 2005]; ebs-O-pyamare se 35 1,200 | 149,000 
Jan ol. pemie seen: 5 4,900 | 18,400 || -Feb.10,a.m......___. 36 3,100 42,000 
Aaa O3. 7). cee ae 6 8,100 | 126,000 || Feb.10,p.m....-.._- 37 1,500 42,500 
Janos aan ee 7 3,300 68-CO0 eb: Al acm a 38 5,400 37, 100 
Jan 24 pana 8 6,900 OF 100 jeep. diy p-maaie ee 39 2,900 94,000 
Sen g5,8 7m ae 9 3,8C0-| 66,000 |] Feb. 12,a.m.-_...._.. 40 6,300 | 33,900 
Jaro padi: sa 10 4,200 16,5000 tebst3s p.m] 22-22 41 2,500 21, 200 
Jan26 eae ee 11 6,800 85,000 || Feb. 14, p:m__* --.--- 4 4,200 19,800 
Jame ob anss ce oN 12 6,€00 | 18,600 || Feb.15,a.m.......... 43 | 12,500) 55,200 
dain Ove sans See 13 | 21,500 | 27,900 || Feb.15,p.m_........ 44 7,500 | 68,000 
Janie pole ae 14 4,500 5 100%) Keb-16. acme 45 UU Rae oe 
Jama Ge ent esse ee 15 4,900 AS" 2004) Heb: 1Gip. mine Se se 46 1,500 | 117,000 
fan OS-apsm 2. 1h) 16 3,700 | 141,0C0 || Feb. 17,a.m_.-....--- 47 6,300 | 195,000 
dan O0var am: o-2 Site 17 768007 3542 0004|| Feb. 47..psan 48 3,100 | 65,000 
Jane 30 p. wits rae a 18 3,400 |. 203,000 || Feb. 18,a.m.......... 49 6,900 | 152,000 
Satie lesa cali ees | 19 17,500 935000) |/ Pebsi8isp: mae See 50 8,900 | 103,000 
Jano3i ip sia ae i 20 2, €00 | 102, 000 || Feb.419) aom--...-.._: 51 8,500 |} 106,000 
ep lea. tse = 21 15,800 64,700 || Feb. 20, p.m-_...-...- 52 5,800 62,000 
Hie Deals pai ase se = 22 9,300 92;000.|, Keb: 22; pms 5 22-2. 53 2,500 83, 000 
Feb. 2, p.m 23 3,500 SIACUS || ANS ob Pay Mth Sesh ne 54 6, 200 39,700 
Hebi Shalga ere US 24 5,100 32, 200) |e ba 23 praia ae 55 6,200 97,000 
Repos pein. ee... 25 3,000 | 28,200 || Feb. 24,a.m.......... 56 8,900 | 97,000 
LS) ope Ses ta been en 26 9, 900 1,400) Rebs24.p. am. seo 2. 57 5,100 | 133,000 
Hepwaapan ee 27 2,700 | 37, 200"|| Heb. 9, acme ee 58 3,900 | 130,000 
Web. bay at os a 28 | 19,300] 11,800 || Feb. 25, p.m_.......- 59 4,600 | 131,000 
Hepoosps mee 29 2,600 | 284,000 || Feb. 26,a.m........_- 60 3,200 | 134,000 
Habsgaa baa eee 30 5,300 | 54,000 ——____|____ 
Heb sib p state See 31 2, 900 68,000 AV ClAR AN ss en a| Seer | 6, 306 73, 308 
The diagram shows that in two cases, numbers 26 and 28, the milk 
from the sterilized utensils was slightly higher in bacterial content 
than that from the unsterilized. In both cases the counts were rela- 
tively low, which indicates that the unsterilized utensils in these par- 
ticular cases were thoroughly washed in very hot water. Throughout 
the series, as soon as the samples were taken the pails and cans were 
washed in hot water—54.4° C. (130° F.)—in which washing powder 
had been dissolved. The insides of the cans and pails were scrubbed 
with a brush. After washing, the cans were inverted and remained 
uncevered until the next milking. It is evident that they were washed 
better than they would have been on the average farm. By this 
method of handling it is apparent that the number of bacteria in the 
unsterilized cans would be smaller than in those in which milk had 
stood for a considerable time, for in the latter case there is an oppor- 
tunity for a great multiplication of bacteria. The higher the bac- 
boa ne Tale a a Aa 
