GRANULAR VENEREAL DISEASE AND ABORTION IN CATTLE. \) 
Such is a brief outline of the course of the malady as observed in a 
majority of cases, but the course is vacillating and erratic in individu- 
als and in herds. Copulation always intensifies the symptoms, and 
one can generally identify by clinical examination nearly all cows re- 
cently bred. 
The use of antiseptics in the vulvo-vaginal tract alters the clinical 
appearances profoundly. Daily washing of the vagina with non- 
irritant warm antiseptic solutions causes the symptoms of the malady 
to decrease rapidly in intensity, and in a few weeks the nodules may 
almost wholly disappear, the mucosa becomes smoother and softer, 
the color changes to a pale rose-red, and it looks as if the continuance 
of the handling would soon eliminate the disease, but in the end some 
nodules remain, and with a cessation of handling unaccompanied by 
copulation the symptoms remain static. On the other hand, when pow- 
erful antiseptics are introduced into the vagina the mucosa becomes 
irritated, swollen, and edematous, and the nodules become veiled. 
Thus the clinical signs of the malady appear insidiously, usually 
when the heifer is but a few weeks old; the disease then pursues a 
comparatively uneventful course up to breeding age, then becomes 
suddenly intensified, and quickly reaches its zenith, where it main- 
tains, with certain vacillations, an approximately horizontal course 
for three or four years, when it begins to abate slowly in intensity, to 
more or less completely disappear clinically with the advent of old age. 
Table 2. — Influence of pregnancy and other conditions upon the visibility of the granular 
venereal disease. 
Place. 
Total 
animals, 
Total 
preg- 
nant. 
Total 
nonpreg- 
nant. 
Total 
cases 
where 
granules 
were not 
visible. 
Pregnant cases where granules were not 
visible. 
Total. 
Fetus 
Percent, under 12 
inches. 
Fetus 
12 to 24 
inches. 
Fetus 24 
inches 
or over. 
Chicago 
Omaha 
Kansas City 
Denver 
Fort Worth 
Grand total... 
Number. 
1,669 
575 
601 
193 
Number. 
965 
366 
123 
127 
155 
Number. 
704 
209 
478 
66 
181 
Number. 
214 
Number. 
106 
59 
4 
14 
13 
Number. 
31 
11 
4 
Number. 
18 
18 

2 
3 
Number. 
57 
30 

3,374 
1,736 
1,638 
444 
196 
41 
97 
Place. 
Chicago 
Omaha 
Kansas City 
Denver 
Fort Worth 
Grand total 
43378°— 14 2 
Nonpregnant cases where granules were not visible. 
Total. 
Number. 
95 
27 
12 
8 
12 
Per cent. 
154 
Two 
years 
old or 
under. 
Number. 
3 




Pyo- 
metra. 
Number. 
12 
26 
Recent 
parturi- 
Number. 
10 
2 



12 
Spayed. 
Number. 
13 
1 
32 


Veal 
calves. 
Number. 
