BULIJETIN 316, tJ. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
CAPACITY OF WOOD-STAVE PIPE COMPARED WITH THAT OF CAST- 
IRON AND RIVETED STEEL. 
Table 8 gives the relative carrying capacities of wood, steel, and 
cast-iron pipes. The table is based on velocities of about 1,3, and 7 
feet per second in the steel and cast-iron pipes of diameters ranging 
from 4 to 144 inches. For a given velocity the loss of head for new 
cast-iron, new riveted steel, 10-year-old cast-iron, 20-year-old cast- 
iron, and 10-year-old-riveted steel is based on values of C w in the 
WiUiams-Hazen formula (Xo. 8, p. 6) of 130, 110, 110, 100 and 100, 
respectively, these conservative values being recommended by 
Williams and Hazen. (See Mr. Williams's discussion, p. 82.) 
Table 8. — Relative capacity, in per cent, of wood-stave pipe, compared with new cast 
iron, new riveted, 10-year-old cast iron, 20-year-old cast iron, and 10-year-old riveted 
steel or iron pipe; based on Williams and Hazen recommendation for values of C, in 
their formula, of 130 for new cast iron, 110 for new riveted and 10-year-old cast iron, 
and 100 for 20-year-old cast iron and 10-year-old riveted steel or iron pipe. 
Diam- 
eter. 
Cast-iron and riveted pipes. 
Velocity 
per 
second. 
Loss of head for velocity. (H) 
C w =130. C^llO. C w =100 
Wood-stave pipes. 
Velocities correspond- 
ing to losses in col- 
umns 3, 4, 5, respec- 
tivelv. 
Per cent of velocity in 
"wood pipe over that 
in metal pipe (column 
2), corresponding to 
columns 6, 7, 8, re- 
spectively. 
Inches. 
4 
4 
4 
12 
12 
12 
36 
36 
36 
108 
108 
108 
144 
144 
144 
Feet. 
1.02 
3.06 
6.64 
.99 
2.96 
6.89 
1.09 
3.06 
7.00 
.98 
3.01 
7.11 
1.10 
3.14 
6.92 
1.06 
3.01 
7.07 
Feet. 
1.3S0 
10. 500 
44.000 
.360 
2.730 
13-200 
.121 
.810 
3.740 
.044 
.349 
1.720 
.034 
.237 
1.020 
.023 
.156 
.760 
Feet. 
0.480 
3.710 
17. 900 
.164 
1.110 
5.100 
.060 
.476 
2.340 
.046 
.321 
1.3S0 
.031 
.211 
1.030 
Feet. 
2.230 
17. 100 
72. 000 
.5S0 
4.430 
21. 300 
.196 
1.320 
6.100 
.072 
.570 
2.790 
.055 
.382 
1.650 
.037 
.252 
1.230 
Feet. 
Feet. 
Feet. 
0.94 
1.24 
-7.S 
2.90 
3.90 
-5.2 
6.50 
8.70 
-2.1 
.92 
1.08 
1.25 
-7.1 
+ 9.1 
2. S3 
3.33 
3.70 
-4.4 
+ 12.0 
6.80 
8.00 
8.80 
-1.3 
+ 16.0 
1.02 
1.25 
1.34 
-6.4 
+ 15.0 
2.90 
3.50 
3. SO 
-5.2 
+ 14.0 
6.90 
8.10 
9-00 
-1.4 
+ 16.0 
.92 
1.10 
1.20 
-6.4 
+ 12.0 
2.90 
3.50 
3.80 
-3.6 
+ 16.0 
7.00 
8.30 
9.10 
-1.4 
+ 17.0 
1.00 
1.20 
1.35 
-8.0 
+ 11.0 
3.00 
3.60 
4.00 
-4.5 
+ 15.0 
6.90 
8.00 
9.00 
- .3 
+ 16.0 
1.00 
1.20 
1.35 
-5.7 
+ 13.0 
2.90 
3-40 
3. SO 
-3.7 
+ 13.0 
7.00 
8.30 
9.10 
-1.0 
+ 17.0 
+22 
+26 
+31 
+21 
+25 
+28 
+23 
+24 
+29 
+22 
+24 
+28 
+23 
+27 
+30 
+21 
+26 
+29 
For the same sized pipe and the various losses of head the corre- 
sponding velocities in wood-stave pipe (as shown by the new formula) 
are compared with the velocities in the metal pipes. This comparison 
is on a percentage basis, with the velocity of the metal pipe as the 
base. As an example: The loss of head in a new cast-iron pipe 
(C w =130), 12 inches in diameter, for a velocity of 2.96 feet per 
second, is 2.73 feet per 1,000 feet of pipe. For the same velocity in 
new riveted steel or 10-year-old cast iron (C w = 110) the loss of head 
in a 12-inch pipe is 3.71 feet. For the same velocity in 10-year-old 
riveted steel or 20-year-old cast iron (C w =100) the loss of head is 
4.43 feet. 
