HANDLING AND SHIPPING FRESH CHERRIES AND PRUNES. 25 
of the decay occurring in the earlier lots during 1913 was due to 
brown-rot, as was a large portion of that in the later lots. Table X 
and figure 11 illustrate rather strikingly the relation of brown-rot 
to fresh-fruit shipment. 
Table X shows the total decay in the four best series in the imme- 
diately precooled and nonprecooled fresh prunes, as compared with 
the percentages of total decay in the four poorest series under the 
same methods of handling. The four series in the best lots were from 
orchards that were practically free from brown-rot, the four poorer 
series being from orchards where brown-rot was very prevalent. The 
fruit from the disease-free orchards at the end of a 10-day transit 
period showed no decay on withdrawal, 0.3 of 1 per cent at the end 
ORCHARDS 
PRACTICALLY FREE 
FROM BROWN-ROT 
ORCHARDS 
BADLY AFFECTED 
WITH BROWN -ROT 
/=>EA> CEA/T DECAY 
30 2S 20 15 IO S O 
ON WITHDRAWAL 
/»■£"/? CE/VTOECAY 
O & IO IS 20 25 30 3S 
1 ' 1 ' 1 ' 1 
1 ' 1 ' | ' 1 
oo 
TEN DAYS IN CAR 
| 
Id. 
FIFTEEN DAYS IN CAR 
2.7 [U 
FOUR 
DAYS AFTER WITHDRAWAL 
|03 
TEN DAYS IN CAR 
52 BHH 
Q 08 
FIFTEEN DAYS IN CAR 
9-4 lllllllllllllllllllllillllllll 
SEVEN DAYS AFTER WITHDRAWAL 
| O 9 
TEN DAYS IN CAR 
96 H 
i 
HI " 
FIFTEEN DAYS IN CAR 
■wlllllllll Hill HUM Ill 
Fig. 11. — Diagram illustrating the percentages of decay in four series of prunes from 
orchards showing little or no brown-rot and comparable series from orchards badly 
affected with brown-rot, Salem, Oreg., 1913. 
of 4 days, and 0.9 of 1 per cent at the end of a 7-day holding period, 
as against 1 per cent on withdrawal, 5.2 per cent after 4 days, and 
9.6 per cent after a 7-day holding period in fruit from disease- 
infested orchards. It should also be kept in mind that this fruit 
was handled from all orchards with the greatest degree of care and 
that these differences were primarily due to the difference in brown- 
rot in the different lots. At the end of a 15-day transit period the 
better lots of fruit had developed only 0.1 of 1 per cent of decay 
on withdrawal, 0.8 of 1 per cent after a 4-day holding period, and 
2.3 per cent after a 7-day holding period on the market, this as 
against 2.7 per cent of decay on withdrawal and 9.4 per cent and 15.8 
per cent, respectively, for the poorer lots. The differences here are 
so striking as to indicate most clearly the need of correct cultural 
practices and thorough spraying in order to control the brown-rot, 
which during most seasons is a serious factor and one of the chief 
drawbacks to the successful shipment of prunes in a fresh condition. 
