HANDLING AND SHIPPING FRESH CHERRIES AND PRUNES. 
11 
per cent of decay, as compared with 5.2 per cent in the same fruit 
delayed two days before loading. The results in the lots held for 
10 days are equally striking, there being 13.5 per cent of decay in 
the immediate and 25.4 per cent in the delayed shipments on with- 
drawal from the car, with 19.7 per cent in the immediate and 40.2 
per cent in the delayed shipments after a market holding period of 
2 days. On arrival, the delayed fruit invariably showed about 
twice the decay found in the fruit immediately packed and loaded. 
IMMEDIATE LOADING 
DELAYED 2 DAYS BEFORE LOADING 
PER CENT DECAY f=>E/? CEA/T DECAY 
20 15 IP 6 O O 5 IP IS 2Q 
"I ' ~~I ' 1 FIVE DAYS IN ICED CAR I ' I ' T 
ON WITHDRAWAL 
TWO DAYS LATER 
TEN DAYS IN ICED CAS 
135 ON WITHDRAWAL 254 
■IIIIIUIIIIIHIIIII Illllllllll '*7 two days urni* 40.2 lllllllllllllllllill Illlllllllllllllllllillllll Illllllll 
FIFTEEN DAYS IN ICED CAR 
15.4 ON WITHDRAWAL 
24.4 TWO DAYS LATER 
29.8 | 
324 
Fig. 3. — Diagram illustrating the percentages of decay in commercially handled nonpre- 
cooled cherries loaded immediately and those delayed two days in the warehouse before 
loading, Salem, Oreg., 1911. 
Table III. — Decay in commercially handled ncmprecooled cherries immediately 
loaded and in those delayed two days in the warehouse before loading, Wil- 
lamette Valley, season of 1911. 1 
Time in iced car. 
Time factors and extent of decay 
(percent). 
On withdrawal. 
Imme- 
diate. 
Delayed. 
Two days after 
withdrawal. 
Imme- 
diate. 
Delayed. 
5 days.. 
10 days. 
15 days. 
3.2 
13.5 
15.4 
5.2 
25.4 
29.8 
8.1 
19.7 
24.4 
12.5 
40.2 
32.4 
i Slight inconsistencies and apparent discrepancies occur in this table and in some others. These, how- 
ever, are easily accounted for when it is taken into consideration that it was impossible to use the same lots 
of fruit for more than one inspection. While the aggregate of fruit used in these inspections was large, the 
quantity of fruit in each experiment was necessarily limited, especially the fruit used for each inspection. 
The rather high development of decay in some portion of a crate, either on account of accidental injuries in 
handling or of decay resulting from brown-rot, is primarily responsible for most of these apparent discrep- 
ancies. 
The results shown in this table serve to emphasize the desirability 
and the necessity of getting the fruit as quickly as possible into cooler 
temperatures or into the refrigerator car, or, where it is shipped 
without refrigeration, of forwarding it to the carrier or transporta- 
tion company with the least possible delay. Holding the fruit for 
