20 
BULLETIN 964, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 
NUMBER AND LENGTH OF INSTARS. 
There are five ins tars. The length of the ins tars as well as the 
total length of the nymphal life is slightly variable, as may be noted 
by reference to Table V. What slight variations there were in the 
length of these instars may have been due, in large measure, to differ- 
ences of temperature and food supply. 
The intervals between each two instars gradually increases as 
maturity is reached. There was found to be no relation between 
the length of the periods and the sex of the individual. 
LENGTH OF LIFE OF THE ADULT. 
Adults of Halticus citri lived for from 9 to 94 days in the rearing 
experiments, as is shown in Table VIII. The sexual development 
was found to be complete as soon as they became adults. The 
females are shown to have lived longer than the males. 
Table VIII. — Length of life of adults of Halticus citri. 
Male. 
Female. 
Xo. 
Emerged. 
Died. 
Days. 
Emerged. 
Died. 
Days. 
1 
Julv 10 
Aug. 9 
30 
Julv 13 
Aug. 29 
42 
2 
Julv 13 
Aug. 26 
44 
...do 
Aug. 10 
28 
3 
July 10 
Julv 19 
9 
July 15 
Aug. 31 
47 
4 
...do 
...do 
9 
Julv 12 
Aug. 6 
25 
o 
l July 13 
July 26 
13 
Aug. 15 
Sept. 10 
26 

Aug. 17 
Aug. 30 
13 
Aug. 17 
Sept. 2 
16 
/ 
Aug. 18 
Sept. 10 
23 
Aug. 31 
Nov. 3 
64 
8 
Oct. 27 
Dec. 22 
26 
Oct. 27 
Jan. 13 
78 
9 
...do 
Ay. 
Jan. 29 
94 
Oct, 28 
Jan. 16 
70 
29. 3 
44 i 
HIBERNATION. 
In experiments carried out by the writer, the last remaining indi- 
viduals of the adults which had emerged on October 27, 1915, died 
on January 29, 1916. Other adults of both sexes issued December 
18, 1915, and hibernated until March 14, 1916, when they became 
active again. Eggs were found in the cage on this date. First- 
stage nymphs w^re discovered on April 2, 1916. 
The garden flea-hopper is found in greatest abundance during 
August and September, and gradually decreases in number as winter 
approaches. In the latitude of Columbia, S. C, mortality is greatest 
in December, very small numbers being found after this date. Many 
of the adults apparently are killed by the cold weather, and the 
remainder seek winter protection under the thickest bunches of their 
favorite host plants, along fences and other well-protected places, 
where they continue to winter until the plants become green again 
in the spring, and then deposit eggs^ /_ore perishing. 
