OPEN TYPES OF PUBLIC MARKETS. 15 
The investment of the relatively large amounts of money needed to 
erect such structures would hardly seem to be justified except on 
markets already well established and giving promise of a thriving 
future. Where open retail markets of considerable size have thor- 
oughly demonstrated their stability and importance and especially 
where the market's activities are important even during the winter 
season, it may be worth while even to build a shelter that makes 
possible when desired the temporary conversion of the open market 
into an inclosed market. Such a structure may be a shed of any one 
of the several designs illustrated having an overhang sufficient to 
cover entirely vehicles and teams, and provided with doors which are 
easily removable. 
Fig. 3.— Market plot developed by a series of parallel shed units. Some of these units 
are used for wholesale transactions, some for retail trade. 
Proper financing is essential to the full success of a market, whether 
it be under the ownership of a municipality, an association, or a cor- 
poration. 
In most cases in which markets have failed or are of slight value, 
poor methods of financing are found to be contributing factors. The 
most common error in the case of municipal markets is to turn all 
receipts into the general treasury of the city and to pay all expenses 
by special appropriations, thus obscuring the relationship between 
income and outgo. Best practice among successful markets seems 
to favor the creation of a market fund into which are deposited all 
market receipts and from which are paid all market expenses. Fees 
should be fixed so that they conform as nearly as practicable to the 
relative values of the different spaces and so that the aggregate in- 
come will be sufficient to pay all expenses, including depreciation and 
