OAK-LEAF POISONING OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 27 
Thirty-eight heifers were kept in this pasture during the winter 
and spring, and allowed to rustle for their living. The feed in this 
pasture was very short, but the animals managed to get along. 
They were seen very frequently. No cases of sickness occurred. 
RESULTS ON CATTLE IN TRAP PASTURE (OAK ONLY). 
Eight cattle were selected for close observation. They were put 
into a small trap pasture where the only available feed was oak with 
a small amount of grass and over most of the period a very few weeds. 
These cattle were followed and notes made on what the individuals 
were eating and doing, to get as complete a history as possible under 
the conditions.' Three of them had been taken from the 5-section 
pasture April 8. They were No. 789, a long yearling steer, weight 
about 600 pounds, and Nos. 790 and 791, both long yearling heifers 
weighing about 400 pounds each. On April 9, three long yearling 
heifers, Nos. 792, 793, and 794, were taken from the hard-land pas- 
ture and placed with the others. On May 1 two calves about 5 
months old, which had been raised by hand, were turned in with the 
above-mentioned six head, and kept with them. 
From the time these cattle were put into the trap pasture until May 
16 they were watched closely. Each day, with very few exceptions, 
they were observed during a good portion of the time they were 
grazing, and notes taken, special attention being paid to just what 
each one was eating. Between April 13 and 17 they were herded 
during the forenoon in a pasture adjoining the trap pasture where 
the oak was especially abundant. The other days they were watched 
in the trap pasture. 
Cattle Nos. 789, 790, 791, 792, 793, and 794 are of the greatest 
interest in this experiment, as they were herded on the oak for a 
longer time than the other two and were held there from the time 
the oak began to develop until it was in full leaf, or during the 
period when the shinnery trouble in this region is experienced. No. 
793 was the best oak eater in the little bunch, and developed a 
typical case of shinnery poisoning. Nos. 789 and 790 ate considerable 
oak, but after a few days' feeding managed to find other things to eat 
with it. Both kept in good condition except for severe constipa- 
tion, which was especially marked while they were eating the 
most oak. Nos. 792 and 794 ate very little oak at any time. Though 
both were poor because of lack of food, they showed no symptoms of 
poisoning. They were at times somewhat constipated but much 
less so than the other cattle. 
Nos. 804 and 805 were run with this bunch from May 1 to May 16. 
During this time they ate considerable oak but got grass and weeds 
along with it and were fed a little cottonseed cake daily. They were 
not harmed by the oak, but steadily gained in flesh, and their feecs 
remained nearly normal. 
