UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
4‘; BULLETIN No. 734 
Joint Contubution from the Bureau of Markets, CHARLES x 
BRAND, Chief, and the Bureau of Plant Industry, : 
WM. A. TAYLOR, Chief. 
Washington, D.C. WV November 13, 1918 
NEMATODE GALLS AS A FACTOR IN THE MARKET- 
ING AND MILLING OF WHEAT. 
By D. A. CoLeMAN, Scientific Assistant in Grain Standardization and 8S. A. REGAN, 
Grain Supervisor. 
CONTENTS. 
: Page. Page. 
Ta E RO GIG HOM eet ea ees sees ee se ea 1 | A factor influencing market grade and mill- 
Previous occurrence of the disease........... 2 AT OAGUALIG Yes Se ee eae 8 
Présent-distributionm.-_ 2. 2255225. .0.2 222-2: 2 | Methods of control and distribution.......-.- 13 
Description of the galls and diseased plants. . Agr Nes SUDTAR TIN Ty aehs Sears Str sae ae eae ee See ote ee 16 
INTRODUCTION. 
Wheat, as grown and harvested, contains numerous impurities, 
and much of it on reaching the merchant or miller contains for- 
elon materials. As the buyer can not be expected to pay wheat 
prices for such material, a dockage or deduction is made commen- 
surate with the amount and kind of foreign material present. Some 
of the impurities are readily removed from wheat, whereas others, 
which can be removed only with difficulty, such as cockle, wild peas, 
vetch, onions, rye, and ragweed seed, remain in the wheat and become 
serious factors in milling and baking operations. At many local 
points only one penalty is placed on the load of wheat, the dockage 
embodying all the factors likely to influence the future sale and 
milling of the wheat. 
When. wheat is to be purchased on grades as established by the 
Secretary of Agriculture under the United States Grain Standards 
Act, this dockage determination is first made by an appropriate set 
of sieves in order to determine the quantity of wheat present. A 
grade is then given the sample on this dockage-free basis, taking into 
consideration such factors as moisture, weight per bushel, damaged 
kernels, foreign material other than dockage, as well as presence of 
1U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Service and Regulatory Announcement (Markets), No. 33: 
Official grain standards of the United States for wheat, and official grain standards of 
the United States for shelled corn. 1918. 
72016°—18 
