UTILIZATION OF THE FISH WASTE OF THE PACIFIC OCEAN. 37 
In considering the first objection it becomes evident that the larger 
the rendering plant the larger must be the equipment in tugs and 
scows and the longer the haul. The irregularity with which the can- 
neries operate and the vagaries of the weather introduce elements of 
uncertainty which make it difficult to calculate the probable limits 
within which the waste profitably can be collected. 
COLLECTING THE MATERIAL. 
Loading the waste. — Three methods are available for loading the 
cannery waste: (1) By means of a scow under the dock at each can- 
nery; (2) by means of a storage bin under the dock at each cannery; 
(3) by means of a storage bin on the dock at each cannery. 
(1) The first method is objectionable in that the outlay for scows 
would be too great. Two would be required for each cannery, one 
receiving a load while the other was being unloaded. A scow 30 by 
16 feet in dimensions would cost about $300. The investment in 
these would be $600 for each cannery tended. Smaller scows de- 
signed to hold the maximum daily output in waste of the cannery 
could be built, perhaps, for a smaller sum, but their usefulness for 
other purposes would be restricted. 
A contract between a canner}^ and a central rendering station most 
probably would specify a daily removal of waste. Certainly there 
would be days when the yield in cuttings would be small, far too 
small to fill a scow. Yet under the contract and this system of col- 
lecting it would be necessary to remove the partially loaded scow and 
transport it to the rendering station, or else carry it away for 
emptying. And even if the daily collection were not required, in 
warm weather a frequent collection would be absolutely essential and 
easily might result in the enforced transportation of but partially 
filled scows. 
The greatest advantage to accrue from this method would be that 
the waste could be sluiced directly from the cannery floor or cleaning 
tables into the scow and would be ready for transportation without 
any further handling whatever. On the other hand, an occasional 
cannery would be found to have been built too close to the surface of 
the water to admit of the loading of a scow in this manner. 
In a foregoing paragraph has been described the method of load- 
ing, by a simple system of conveyors, when the cannery floor is too 
low to admit of the scow's being placed beneath. Where such an 
apparatus has to be installed and operated, the advantages of the 
direct loading into a scow disappear. 
(2) Under ideal conditions the collection of the waste in storage 
bins placed beneath the cannery floor or dock is the most economical. 
The conditions considered ideal are that the cannery floor or dock 
shall be of such a height that the scow to be loaded can be placed 
