UTILIZATION OF THE FISH WASTE OF THE PACIFIC OCEAN. 17 
In general, it is sufficient to designate the region under considera- 
tion, as the various centers of the industry are characterized by 
certain grades. Thus, in the Bristol Bay region of Alaska the pack 
consists of 94 per cent red fish, or sockeyes. In southeastern Alaska, 
between Icy Straits and Dixon Entrance, the total pack contains 
about 1 per cent of " reds." In many canneries the proportion of 
red 'fish put up is negligible. In the Puget Sound region the com- 
position of the pack varies with the year. In years of a large run of 
sockeyes, as in 1913, the pack may contain as much as 65 per cent of 
the red salmon. In other years, as in 1912, it may comprise only 
45 per cent of sockeyes. In the three seasons preceding the last, 
1910, 1911, and 1912, the average composition of the packs on Puget 
Sound was 22 per cent " reds." On the Columbia River the pack 
is composed almost entirely of red fish. While the figure which 
represents the exact proportions of waste from the red fish is not 
known, it can be said with a fair degree of accuracy that the waste 
from humpbacks is from 40 per cent to 50 per cent of the round 
weight. Thus, to fill a case of 48 1-pound cans, from 17 to 19 5- 
pound salmon are required. On this basis, a round weight of from 
85 to 95 pounds is reduced to 48 pounds, representing a waste of from 
37 to 47 pounds per case. For the sake of conservativeness in this 
discussion, 40 pounds per case has been taken to represent the w T aste 
from humpbacks and 30 pounds per case that from the " reds." On 
the basis of the foregoing figures representing the total pack of 
salmon, taking 30 pounds per case as representing the loss from red 
salmon and 40 pounds per case from the others, the amount of can- 
nery waste produced by centers may be estimated. Likewise the 
value has been computed on the basis of $15 per ton, the value fixed 
by present commercial operations. The following table gives the 
amount of cannery waste and its value : 
Table V. — Amount of cannery ivaste produced and its value. 
Region. 
Cases packed. 
Waste. 
Value. 
"Reds." 
Others. 
"Reds." 
Others. 
Total. 
266,479 
1,673,099 
180, 685 
1,419,441 
364, 253 
i 105, 785 
Tons. 
4,000 
25, 100 
2,700 
21,290 
9,960 
1,540 
Tons. 
Tons. 
4,000 
44, 800 
34,960 
22, 990 
11,620 
1,540 
$60,000 
Puget Sound 
910,634 
1,613,150 
85,934 
83,014 
19, 700 
32, 260 
1,700 
1,660 
672, 000 
Southeastern Alaska 
524,400 
Western Alaska 
344, 850 
174,300 
Grays Harbor, Willapa Harbor, and 
23, 100 

119,910 
20, 300 
1, 798, 650 
I 1.353,900 
20, 300 
304, 500 
140, 210 
2, 103, 150 
Computed as "reds." 
59351°— Bull. 150—15 
