UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
DEPARTMENT BULLETIN No. 1491 
Washington, D. C. 
May, 1927 
TIMBER GROWING AND LOGGING PRACTICE IN THE CENTRAL 
HARDWOOD REGION 
By C. R. Tillotson, Forest Inspector, Forest Service 
Introduction by W. B. Greeley, Forester, Forest Service 
CONTENTS 
Introduction 
The region and irs possibilities 
Timber and timber types 
Effect of timber-cutting operations 
Factors unfavorable to continuous forest 
crops 
Dominance of the agricultural crop 
idea 
Pasturing the woods 
Forest fires 
Factors favorable to continuous forest 
crops 
Tendency of the region toward nat- 
ural reforestation 
Much land primarily suited to timber 
production 
Farm woods fit into plan of farm 
management 
Favorable tax laws 
State and Federal aid in protection 
against forest fires 
Measures necessary to keep forest land pro- 
ductive 
In the small farm woods 
On forest areas 
Public measures 
Private responsibility 
Education of the public - 
Page 
1 
5 
6 
Page 
Measures necessary to produce full timber 
crops 24 
Private measures.. 25 
Method of cutting the timber 25 
General principles 25 
In virgin orlightly culled stands. 28 
In severely culled stands 31 
In even-aged stands of second 
growth 31 
Slash disposal 32 
Operations following cutting and re- 
growth 32 
Protection 33 
Public measures 33 
Protection 33 
Production and distribution of small 
trees for forest planting 34 
Timberland taxation 34 
Public ownership oftimberlands 34 
Forest investigations - 35 
State foresters 35 
Responsibility of the timberland owner and 
the public 35 
List of important timber trees of the central 
hardwood region 37 
INTRODUCTION 
Forestry in the United States is no longer merely a theory or a 
subject for discussion; it has gotten down to concrete things in the 
woods. Nor is the growing of timber confined to public lands ; it is 
gradually making headway on land in private ownership. It is 
becoming an art of land management, expressed in practical meas- 
ures for protecting forest growth from fire and other destructive 
agencies, for logging timber so as to produce a new crop of wood, 
and for planting forest trees on cut-over or denuded areas. The 
value of timber, along with other economic considerations, is caus- 
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