18 BULLETIN" 808, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
large enough for the larva, and as the walls of the stem are very 
thin it is easy to see that the larva would consume a large part of 
the nourishment required for the developing seed and cause serious 
loss in case of a heavy infestation. 
HOST PLANTS. 
H. poae has not been reared from any host other than blue-grass 
(Poa prate?isis) although a number of attempts have been made to 
breed it in other hosts. 
LIFE HISTORY. 
As previously indicated, this species hibernates in the seed stalks of 
blue-grass in waste places and along fences since pastures are kept 
cropped so closely that there is little chance for it to winter over 
there. It hibernates as a larva, pupates in spring, and the adult 
emerges early in May. It is one of the first species to make its 
appearance in the spring. Males normally occur. The egg is shown 
in figure 8 at e. 
THE FESTUCA JOINTWORM.* 
The Festuca jointworm was described recently by the writer and 
W. T. Emery (10, p. 451) from specimens reared from material col- 
lected by the writer near Youngstown, Ohio, in 1913. Since that 
date it has been located at other points in Ohio, New Jersey, Pennsyl- 
vania, and Virginia. It is the slenderest species among the gall 
formers, the abdomen being particularly long and narrow. 
MANNER OF INJURY. 
E> festucae forms galls or hardened enlargements, usually above 
the second joint from the ground, although they may occur at any 
joint. The galls (PL VI, C) may be prominent or inconspicuous; 
in the latter case they can be detected only by pinching the stems 
between the fingers. The injury undoubtedly would be serious to 
the seed crop and very probably would shorten the hay crop, also, as 
the flowering stalks are rather slender, and although not quite as 
frail, they are very much like blue-grass stems in that they are not 
woody. Festuca sp., therefore, would naturally suffer more from 
attacks of this kind than would orchard grass or timothy. 
HOST PLANTS. 
The writer has been rearing festucae from Festuca sp. in confine- 
ment and making observations in the field for 5 years and has not 
reared this species from any other host. 
1 Harmolita festucae Phillips and Emery. 
