36 
BULLETIN f>21, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
between the top and bottom rails as shown, leaving a 2-inch space 
bet wee] 1 the corner upright and this piece. Next, space 4 inches 
from this bar to the swinging bar, drop the bar in place between the 
rails, and with a brace and ^-inch bit bore a hole through the center 
of the 5-inch rail and 4-inch bar and insert one of the 3-inch bolts. 
Space agam 4 inches from the bar and nail in the next bar. Proceed 
in this way with the remaining stanchions, then nail the two pieces 
of 1 by 8 incLby 6 foot to the back of the two end uprights, as shown. 
To hold the swink- 
* — <?*r- 
m 
u 
ing bars in place, 
screw one side of the 
light hinge to short 
blocks of the 1| by 
4 inch pieces and 
fasten the hinges to 
the top of the bar 
to the right of the 
fig. 40.— calf stanchion. swinging bar in such 
a way that when the swinging bar is in closed position this block 
will drop in place and hold the bar. 
Xote to Teacher. — This exercise will fit into instruction in either dairying or 
heef raising. Boys who feed calves at home will be especially interested in these 
stanchions. 
EXERCISE XXII. FARM GATE. 
In figure 41 is shown a very good type of farm gate. The con- 
structing of such a gate is not especially difficult and makes a very 
good exercise in farm mechanics for farm boys. 
For a gate 12 feet long the material required is: 
1 piece 1 by 4 inches by 14 feet. 
7 pieces 1 by 4 inches by 12 feet. (White pine or other dressed lumber.) 
1 pair bolt and eye gate hinges with bolts. 
3 pounds 8-penny common nails or 5 pounds J by 2 inch bolts. 
From the piece of 1 by 4 inches by 14 feet cut two pieces of 4 feet 
2 inches long. Space the boards as shown in the illustration, placing 
the two upright pieces 12 feet apart from outside to outside. First, 
nail six of the 1 by 4 inch by 12 foot boards to the strips. Next, 
nail the remaining 1 by 4 inch by 12 foot piece as a diagonal brace. 
Be sure to have this brace run to the bottom hinge end of the gate. 
From what is left of the 1 by 4 inch by 14 foot piece cut the two short 
braces as shown, and nail the diagonal and short braces to each 
board. 
Bolts may be used instead of nails to fasten the boards together. 
They are a better construction, but somewhat more expensive. 
