FARM HANDICRAFT FOR SCHOOLS. 
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Fig. 11.— Setting the gauge. 
To mark a line, hold the gauge firmly with the thumb and fore- 
finger encircling the gauge block and tip the gauge away from you, 
as shown in figure 12. To make the line, push the tool— never pull 
it toward you. Do not press hard against 
the point — a line only as fine as a knife 
line is required. 
The chisel is used hi clipping and paring 
out portions of wood. When cutting with 
a chisel, grasp the handle with the right 
hand and the shank with the left hand and, instead of pushing straight 
down or straight ahead, incline the tool to get a parmg action. 
Figure 13 shows the parts of the brace and bit. Unless boring a 
slanting hole, the bit should enter the wood straight. If the side lips 
touch the wood at the same time you are sure 
that the bit has entered the wood straight. 
When using a screw driver, be careful not 
to break the head off the screw. A little soap 
placed on the screw before inserting it into 
the wood will make it enter more easily. 
CARE OF TOOLS. 
Fig. 12.— Method of using the 
gauge. 
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If you expect to do good work with tools 
you must see that they are well cared for. 
If tools are allowed to become rusty and dull and parts are lost good 
work can not be expected. Wipe the polished surfaces of tools 
with an oily cloth once a week, at least, and whenever the bright 
surface of a tool becomes wet wipe it dry and rub it well with the 
oily cloth. If rust accumulates, it can be 
removed by the use of powdered pumice 
stone. 
A place must be provided in which to 
keep the tools when they are not in use, 
otherwise they may be lost or broken. 
Drawers in the work bench, or cupboards 
placed on the wall where they will be easily 
accessible, are convenient places for hold- 
ing tools. 
The cutting edges of tools must be kept 
sharp; good work can not be done with a 
dull tool. If chisels or plane irons become 
very dull, they are first sharpened on a 
grindstone or emery wheel, then dressed on an oilstone. They are 
ground at an angle of 25° and dressed on the oilstone at an angle 
of 30°, as shown in figure 14. If but slightly dull they may be 
rubbed up on the oilstone only. Hold them firmly on the grind- 
Fig. 13.— Brace and hit. 
