2 BULLETIN" 527, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
States the handicraft club work has received considerable attention. 
Others of the exercises are from publications of this department; 
still others are original with the author, being those he has used in 
giving instruction in agriculture in public schools and in his work on 
the farm. 
It is hoped that the exercises outlined will suggest many others. 
A large number of school, farm, and home appliances can be made by 
schoolboys, and the making of these things trains the hand and the 
eye and develops habits of accuracy and neatness. The work can be 
done as a part of the regular school work or during spare time at 
home. It will be a recreation as well as a benefit. 
Fig. l. 
/PACSMtV 
-Teeth of crosscut and rip 
saws. 
TOOLS AND THEIR USES. 
A large investment in tools is not necessary to carry on this work, 
and many boys on farms will find all the necessary tools at home. 
For most of the woodworking exercises the 
following are sufficient: Crosscut saw, rip- 
saw, 2-foot rule, steel square, try square, 
hammer, jack plane, block plane, marking 
gauge, i-inch and ^-inch chisels, bits and 
brace, and screw 
driver. These tools 
will cost, if pur- 
chased new, ap- 
proximately $11. 
The tools should 
be of good quality; it seldom pays to pur- 
chase inferior ones. Carpenters when buy- 
ing tools find it economy to select those 
bearing the stamp of a reliable manufacturer. 
All farm boys 
have had more 
or less experi- 
ence with tools 
and know how 
to use them 
fairly well nev- 
ertheless a brief 
mention of the uses of the tools given in 
the list will be of value. 
The crosscut saw, as the name indicates, 
is used tocul a cross the grain of the wood. 
[ts teeth are filed to sharp points/as shown 
al A ; figure I. The teeth are usually set or bent alternatelvso as to be 
at a Blight angle with the body of the saw blade. The insides of the 
Fig. 2.— Position of hand, elbow, 
and shoulder, when using a 
saw. 
starting 
