14 
BULLETIN 972, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
advance to S3. 85 in the cost, of production with only a small quantity 
of milk, 6.5 per cent, produced. If the price of milk is based on the 
cost of production, one should ask whether 6.5 per cent more milk is 
worth an increase of 34 cents ($3.85 minus $3.51) per 100 pounds. 
In this range of costs one logical location for the bulk line is at $3.51 ; 
since this figure includes 86.7 per cent of the total quantity of milk 
produced. It is not logical to locate the bulk line at $3.85, since 
there is an increase of 34 cents in cost and only 6.5 per cent addi- 
tional milk supplied. When all the present supply is needed, the 
supply will be maintained if the price for milk is sufficiently above 
the bulk-line cost to encourage increased production by the low- 
cost producers. 
Table 10. — Net cost, quantity, and percentage of milk produced by each herd during two 
winters and two summers. 
Winter, 1917-18. 
Winter, 1919-20. 
Cost per 
100 
pounds. 
Milk produced. 
Cost per 
100 
pounds. 
Milk produced. 
Herd 
No. 
Quantity. 
Proportion 
of total. 
Cumula- 
tive pro- 
portion. 
Herd 
No. 
Quantity. 
Proportion 
of total. 
Cumula- 
tive pro- 
portion. 
Pounds. 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
Pounds. 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
423 
$2.01 
10,490 
1.2 
1.2 
433 
$2.21 
40, 301 
6.4 
6.4 
402 
2.02 
187, 691 
22.5 
23.7 
426 
2.27 
35,839 
5.7 
12.1 
417 
2.08 
64, 061 
7.6 
31.3 
425 
2.59 
15, 754 
2.5 
14.6 
421 
2.51 
26,600 
3.2 
34.5 
431 
2.60 
37, 052 
5.9 
20.5 
420 
2.62 
30,424 
3.6 
38.1 
417 
2.69 
57, 972 
9.3 
29.8 
12.73 
432 
2.70 
35, 891 
5.7 
35.5 
"415' 
2.79 
44," 843* 
5.T 
43." 5" 
427 
2.78 
41, 388 
6.6 
42.1 
410 
2.85 
59, 013 
7.0 
50.5 
420 
3.04 
33,790 
5.4 
47.5 
2 2.86 
2.88 
434 
403 
3.10 
3.15 
65, 751 
18,913 
10.5 
3.0 
58.0 
""464' 
W.m 
2.y 
52." s" 
61.0 
403 
2.94 
2.98 
14, 181 
72, 048 
1.7 
8.6 
54.5 
63.1 
"""404" 
23. 18 
3.21 
408 
9,'isi' 
i.'s" 
62.'5 
418 
3.01 
30, 814 
3.7 
66.8 
428 
3.41 
36, 639 
5.9 
68.4 
409 
3.07 
26,004 
3.1 
69.9 
429 
3.45 
87,840 
14.1 
82.5 
416 
3.19 
3.26 
27, 425 
23, 658 
3.3 
2.8 
73.2 
76.0 
""469" 
13.47 
3.51 
407 
25,' 990' 
\'.2 
86." 7 
411 
3.41 
22, 706 
2.7 
78.7 
416 
3.85 
40,428 
6.5 
93.2 
406 
3.58 
33, 617 
4.0 
82.7 
405 
4.39 
19, 083 
3.1 
96.3 
413 
3.64 
27, 045 
3.2 
85.9 
410 
6.96 
23, 362 
3.7 
100.0 
412 
3.78 
49,084 
5.9 
91.8 
405 
4.12 
23, 741 
2.8 
94.6 
419 
4.28 
32, 655 
3.9 
98.5 
422 
4.62 
9,937 
1.5 
100.0 
Summer, 
1918. 
Summer, '. 
920. 
423 
SI. 15 
29. 663 
4. 1 
4. 1 
427 
$1.62 
48, 401 
6.9 
6.9 
403 
1.50 
37,931 
5.2 
9.3 
429 
1.76 
75, 467 
10. S 
17.7 
421 
1.80 
35, 6^8 
4.9 
14.2 
404 
1.77 
27,932 
4.0 
21.7 
■416 
2.13 
40,062 
5. 5 
19.7 
425 
1.80 
37, 494 
5.4 
27.1 
410 
2.24 
40, 671 
5.6 
25.3 
416 
1.83 
55, 053 
7.9 
35.0 
415 
2.26 
32,944 
4.6 
29.9 
420 
1.91 
40,468 
5.8 
40.8 
408 
2.41 
72, 138 
10.0 
39.9 
434 
2.20 
87, 176 
12.5 
53.3 
407 
2.43 
30, 531 
4.2 
44.1 
403 
2.26 
26,907 
3.9 
57.2 
404 
2.45 
21, 366 
3.0 
47.1 
2 2.38 
12.59 
2.66 
""'426' 
417 
2.47 
2.69 
29," 098 ' 
56, OSS 
42'" 
8.0 
6L4 
"409* 
22," 520" 
3.T 
50.2 
69.4 
2 2.74 
2.88 
12.70 
2.80 
' "406" 
26," 539* 
3.7" 
53.9" 
'"433" 
45," 057' 
6.T 
75." 8 
411 
2.90 
19, 335 
2.7 
56.6 
409 
2.90 
29,6S8 
4.3 
80.1 
417 
3.02 
49, 170 
6.8 
63.4 
432 
2.95 
28, 937 
4.1 
84.2 
402 
3.18 
59, 736 
8.3 
71.7 
431 
3.26 
24,335 
3.5 
87.7 
422 
3.35 
12, 975 
1.8 
73.5 
410 
3.38 
25,568 
3.7 
91.4 
412 
3.36 
59,565 
8.2 
81.7 
428 
3.52 
40.744 
5.8 
97.2 
420 
3.37 
26, 434 
3.7 
85.4 
405 
3.95 
19, 814 
2.8 
100.0 
418 
3.50 
30, 042 
4.2 
89.6 
419 
3.78 
33, 636 
4.7 
94 3 
413 
4.16 
18, 509 
2.6 
93.9 
405 
4.35 
22, 456 
3.1 
100.0 
Average income from milk. 
2 Average cost. 
