OVERFLOW OF RED RIVER OF THE NORTH. 
51 
land along- the stream; but no Red River overflow occurs below 
Wahpeton on land outside the real high-water channel of the stream 
during- the crop-growing season. The land adjacent to the river that 
is overflowed is flooded by water from the tributaries of the Red, or 
by water which comes from rains. 
FLOOD RECORDS. 
During the last 40 years, the period for which definite records are 
available, the Red River at Grand Forks has risen above flood stage 
(elevation 819.5, stage 40 feet, U. S. G. S. gauge) seven times, viz, 
! 1882, 1883, 1893, 1897, 1904, 1916, and 1920, each time in the spring 
soon after the annual spring thaw. Only in one case did high stages 
occur in two consecutive years (1882 and 1883). The longest period 
between flood stages was 12 years (1904-1916). Elevations and dates 
of high and low river stages at three' stations, Fargo and Grand 
Forks, N. Dak., and Emerson, Manitoba, are shown in Table 13. 
Table 13. — Elevations and dates of flood crests and loio-ioater 
Year. 
Fargo, N. Dak. 
(flood stage 
887.5). 
Difference 
. (Distance 155 
miles). 
Grand Forks, N. 
Dak. (flood stage 
819.5). 
Difference 
(Distance 143 
miles). 
Emerson, Mani- 
toba 1 (flood stage 
779.5). 
Date. 
Eleva- 
tion. 
Days. 
Feet. 
Date. 
Eleva- 
tion. 
Days. 
Feet. 
Date. 
Eleva- 
tion. 
1882 
Apr. 11 
899.2 
10 
70.2 
Apr. 21 
Apr. 28 
Apr. 24 
Apr. 10 
Mar. 31 
Sept. 24 
Apr. 11 
Oct. 14 
Apr. 27 
July .1 
Apr. 6 
May 16 
Apr. 18 
July 6 
Apr. 7 
June 18 
Apr. 11 
June 13 
Apr. 8 
Aug. 17 
Mar. 22 
Nov. 5 
Apr. 15 
Apr. 9 
May 14 
Apr. 8 
July 12 
Apr. 9 
May 5 
June 17 
Apr. 11 
July 3 
Apr. 17 
Julv 14 
Apr. 6 
Sept. 2 
Mar. 28 
Sept. 20 
Apr. 3 
July 9 
Sept. 19 
Mar. 29 
829.0 
820.1 
825.0 
829.-7 
805.4 
780.8 
807. 5 
790.1 
820.1 
793. 7 
797.0 
805.5 
815. 5 
38.9 
790 1 
188? 
1893. 
12' 
4 
6 
35.2 
39.1 
26.9 
30.8 
789.8 
790 6 
1897 
Apr. 7 
Mar. 29 
Sept. 20 
Apr. 6 
Oct. 12 
Apr. 20 
June 28 
Mar. 31 
May 17 
Apr. 9 
Julv 5 
Mar. 30 
June 17 
Apr. 5 
June 13 
Mar. 30 
Aue. 12 
Mar. 19 
Oct. 29 
Apr. 11 
Apr. 8 
May 14 
Apr. 15 
July 8 
901.5 
871.8 
869.2 
875. 7 
870.3 
883.1 
876.6 
871.3 
880.2 
877.3 
874.5 
891.6 
881.1 
875. 7 
876.5 
874. 8. 
871. 4 
884.9 
867.4 
870.5 
872.2 
872.4 
871.8 
873. 7 
3 
2 
4 
5 
2 
7 
3 
6 
"*9 
1 
8 
1 
6 
71.8 
66.4 
88.4 
68.2 
80.2 
63.0 
82.9 
74.3 
74.7 
61.8 
80.3 
72.3 
81.2 
63.4 
79.1 
78.8 
74.6 
74.7 
84.9 
81.8 
80.0 
84.3 
65.7 
87.1 
Apr. 22 
Apr. 4 
Sept. 30 
1902 
2 778 5 
1903 
2 750. 

1904 
34 1 
m 
786. 
1905 
1906 
794.2 
819.3 
799.9 
812 3 
1907 
1908..... 
797 4. 
1909 
9 
5 
3 
7 
4 
1 
"■'4" 
796.0 
796.8 
810. 2 
782, 5 
1910 
1911 
788.7 
792. 2 
788.1 
806.1 
786. 6 
791.9 
791.7 
797.7 
798.6 
810.3 
820.5 
803.6 
811.9 
783. 
790.8 
783. 9 
796.8 
801.8 
785.2 
. 820.4 
1912 
1913 
2 
3 
4 
8 
35. 6 
30.6 
36.2 
33.6 
May 16 
Apr. 11 
July 16 
Apr. 17 
752. 5 
775.5 
750.4 
758. 3 
1914 
May 2 
June 12 
Apr. 9 
July 2 
Apr. 6 
July 12 
Apr. 3. 
Aug. 28 
Mar. 30 
Sept. 20 
Mar. 24 
July 5 
Sept. 19 
Mar. 27 
875.5 
877.7 
887.2 
888.2 
892. 1 ' 
889. 4 
886.2 
869.8 
871.8 
869. 8 
872.8 
870.3 
868.9 
885.5 
3 
5 
2 
1 
11 
, 2 
3 
5 
"'io' 
4 
..... 
83.8 
80.0 
88.6 
77.9 
71.6 
85.8 
74.3 
86.8 
81.0 
'85. 9 
76.0 
68.5 
83.7 
65.1 
1915 
2 
2 
6 
7 
5 
5 
3 
3 
1 
6 
3 
"'io' 
38.4 
38.0 
40.3 
33.8 
38.8 
35.6 
35.6 
31.7 
38.4 
28.5 
36.6 
36. 
40.8 
June 19 
Apr. 13 
July 9 
Apr. 24 
July 19 
Apr. 11 
Sept. 5 
Mar. 31 
Sept. 21 
Apr. 9 
JulV 12 
Sept. 19 
Apr. 8 
759.3 
760.6 
770. 
786.7 
764.8 
, 776. 3 
• 747.4 
759.1 
747. 5 
768.3 
765. 2 
7411 2 
779.6 
1916 
1917 
1918 
1919. . . 
1920 
1 Emerson gauge established May, 1912. 
Datum uncertain. 
3 Pembina. 
