BEEF CATTLE IN NORTH CAROLINA. 31 
method of wintering stock cattle in the mountains of North Carolina 
and of surrounding States. 
Considering the combination where the cattle were dry-wintered 
on ear corn, corn stover, and hay and finished on grass alone, the 
average cost per pound for the total gain made from fall to fall was 
$0,048. The difference between the ration fed in this case and that 
presented in the foregoing paragraph was the elimination of the 
cottonseed cake during the summer, which reduced the cost per pound 
of gain from $0,074 to $0,048. These figures show that the combina- 
tion of dry wintering with grass during the summer produced the 
least economical gains from fall to fall. The important conclusion 
to be drawn from these figures is that, where winter pasture can not 
be provided, cattle wintered on corn silage with dry roughage and 
finished on grass make the cheapest gains. 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. 
In connection with the following yearly financial statements it 
should be remembered that the figures apply to the local conditions 
where the work was conducted. There are a great many factors 
which will make financial statements vary, such as the initial cost and 
selling price of the steers, cost of the various feeds, and cost of 
pasture. The statements presented below show that all the cattle 
made a profit, the great value of winter pasture being especially 
prominent in this connection. 
Table 13. — Financial statement, 1913-14. 
Lot 1. Wintered 128 days on ear corn, corn stover, and hay. Finished 
on pasture and cottonseed cake 126 days : 
To 25 steers, 19,235 pounds, at $5.50 per cwt $1, 057. 92 
To wintering 25 steers, at $8.80 per cwt 220. 00 
To pasture 126 days, at $1 per 28 days __ 112. 50 
To 10,932 pounds cottonseed cake, at $30__ 163. 98 
Total expenditures 1, 554. 40 
By sale of 25 steers, 1 27,170 pounds, at $7.75 2, 105. 67 
By value of 25 tons manure, at $2 per ton 50. 00 
Total receipts 2, 155. 67 
Total profit, including manure 601.27 
Total profit, not including manure 551. 27 
Average profit per steer, including manure . 24. 05 
Average profit per steer, not including manure 22. 05 
1 This lot was sold in Asheville, N. C, at home weights. No slaughter or shrinkage 
data secured, 
