28 
BULLETIN 1498, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
Several of the old standard varieties have since gone out of cultiva- 
tion, and a few never became commercially grown. Some of the new 
improved varieties were commercially grown in 1924, and a small 
acreage was reported. A few commercial varieties which have not 
yet been described or registered are here included because of their 
importance. 
HARD RED SPRING WHEAT 
The hard red spring (class 1) wheats are grown principally in the 
north-central part of the United States, where the winters are too 
severe for the production of winter wheat. The distribution of the 
acreage of hard red spring wheat in 1919 and in 1924 is shown in 
Figures 3 and 4. 
According to the usable returns of the 1924 survey, 20 varieties of 
hard red spring wheat were grown commercially, as compared with 
Fig. 3. 
-Distribution of hard red spring wheat in 1919. Each dot represents 2,000 acres. Estimated 
area, 17,641, 987 acres 
19 in 1919. The estimated acreage and percentage of the 20 com- 
mercial varieties in 1924 are shown in Table 4. In all, there are 39 
recognized or registered varieties of hard red spring wheat. 
Six old varieties which were sparingly grown in 1919 but not 
reported in 1924 are as follows: Champlain, Converse, Dakota, 
Dixon, Ghirka, and Wellman. There are 12 registered varieties which 
were not reported as being commercially grown in either 1919 or 1924, 
including 5 new improved varieties — Ceres, Hope, Marquillo, Reli- 
ance, and Webster. Sea Island, although commercial, has not been 
registered, as little is known concerning it other than that it is a 
mixed red-kerneled spring wheat. Although there are 26 varieties 
of hard red spring wheat which are or have been commercially impor- 
tant, 85.4 per cent of the acreage of the class in 1924 was of the 1 
variety, Marquis. 
