THE IDENTIFICATION OF VAEIETIES OF BAELEY. '3 
discovered during the progress of the work, and (4) to form the 
basis for a discussion of all the agricultural varieties grown upon 
the farms in America. 
There is also a distinctly experimental phase to the work. Cer- 
tain types of barley are likely to succeed in certain areas, while others 
are as definitely unsuited to specific regions. A more thorough co- 
ordination of the work of the various stations with reference to types 
of varieties should be of service in experimentation. It is possible 
also that a study of the existing forms of barley may be useful to 
pathologists in determining the degrees of immunity to disease of 
the various groups. 
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. 
Although the genus Hordeum to which the cultivated barleys be- 
long obtains its name direct from the Latin name, there is little to 
be gained in a review of the literature before Linnaeus. Almost all 
of the pre-Linnsean authors recognized the distinction between 2- 
rowed and 6-rowed barleys. Linnaeus (1753, p. 84-85), amplifying 
his scheme of 1748, described six forms, four species and two varie- 
ties, viz : 
Hordeum vulgare. Hordeum distichon. 
Hordeum vulgare coeleste. Hordeum distichon nudum. 
Hordeum hejcastichon. Hordeum zeoci'iton. 
Gustav Schuebler (1818) named seven species, using in their sepa- 
ration fertility, color, adherence of flowering glumes, and density. In 
this work he made for the first time the distinction between nutans 
and erectum. These were subdivisions of distichon and not of the 
rank of the seven species. 
Seringe (1819) suggested four species, hexcistichon, vulgare^ zeo- 
cHton^ and distichon. In 1841 he followed closely the scheme of 
Linnaeus, although he made several subdivisions. 
Up to and including Seringe, all treatments were based upon 
limited collections. As a greater number of varieties were assem- 
bled, the problem of classifying them called for a marked expansion 
of the systems. The first of the more modern treatments was that 
of Heuze in 1872. This was really a remarkable contribution, and 
in both arrangement and material was the obvious forerunner of 
both "Die Saatgerste" of Kornicke (1882) and of the treatment 
in the "Handbuch des Getreide.baues '"' of Kornicke and Werner 
(1885) . " Die Saatgerste," as later amplified under the title of " Die 
Arten und Varietaten des Getreides" in the "Handbuch des Ge- 
treidebaues" (Bd. 1), has been widely accepted as the best modem 
authority. In part this credit is well bestowed. Kornicke used the 
variety as a unit, and although he sometimes went too much into 
