28 DEPARTMENT BULLETIN 179, 
NATURAL ENEMIES. 
PARASITES. 
During the course of the investigations in New Mexico one procto- 
trypid parasite, Telenomus ashmeadi Morrill, was reared from the 
eggs of Chlorochroa sayi, and two tachinid parasites, Gymnosoma 
fuliginosa Desy. and (Ocyptera) Ocypterodes euchenor Walk. were 
reared from the adults of the species. 
PARASITES OF THE EGG. 
The egg parasite Zelenomus ashmeadi (fig. 11) constitutes one of 
the most effective natural agents in the control of Chlorochroa says 
and is very widely 
distributed through- 
out the area infested 
by the pest. During 
the latter part of 
July and the early 
part of August, in 
1915, adult parasites 
emerged from about 
60 per cent of the 
eggs collected in 
badly infested fields. 
In many egg clusters 
Fic. 11.—Telenomus ashmeadi, an egg parasite of the grain a parasite emerged 
bug. Greatly enlarged. (Morrill.) from each and every 
egg. In all instances under observation it has been noted that 
nymphs rarely hatch from an egg cluster when any of the individual 
eggs produce parasites. Upon dissection these unhatched eggs gen- 
erally are found to coritain dead parasites or to be nearly devoid of 
contents, apparently the result of parasitism. It is evident from 
the foregoing that the percentage of eggs from which adult parasites 
emerge does not necessarily indicate the full total of parasitism in 
the field. 
On July 27, 1916, a dozen reared parasites were confined in a glass 
vial with a freshly deposited egg cluster of C. sayi. Within two 
minutes the females began ovipositing. During this process the 
female stands on the two posterior pairs of legs with the body nearly 
vertical and inserts her short ovipositor into the egg, meanwhile 
bending the head and antenne forward. They prefer to oviposit in 
the top of the egg or in the side of the egg near its top. On August 
13 the adult parasites began emerging from this egg cluster, a total 
of 17 days being required to complete the life cycle of the parasite 
