GEOGRAPHICAL PHASES OF FARM PRICES: CORN. 
27 
The favorable combination of high price per bushel and lowest cost 
per acre obtains in the Southern States, but average yields are so 
low as to make the cost per bushel very high, with resulting mini- 
mum net returns. Highest net returns are indicated for the Moun- 
tain and Pacific States. Here, however, a relatively lower percent- 
age of merchantable corn must be taken into consideration. 
Details follow in Tables 5 and 5A. Relationships can best be ob- 
served in the percentages, based upon the United States as 100 per 
cent. By way of example : Iowa farm price per bushel, only 85 per 
cent of the average for the United States, but yield per acre 135 per 
cent; and combining the two in gross returns to the acre, 114 per 
cent. Costs of production in Iowa, however, are slightly above the 
average, being 101 per cent, and the ratio of returns to cost is 145 per 
cent. 
Table 5. — Corn: Geographic differences in values and costs of production} 
PER ACRE. 
Comparison of preceding 
Av- 
differences in percent- 
erage 
Cost of production, 1909. 
ages of the United 
gross 
Ratio 
States average as base 
returns, 
of cost 
Value 
(100 per cent). 
State and geographic 
divisions. 
1911- 
1915 
to gross 
returns 2 
of by- 
prod- 
(price 
Cost, 
includ- 
Cost, 
Com- 
(cost = 
ucts, 
Cost, 
Cost, 
per 
exclud- 
mer- 
100 per 
1909. 
includ- 
exclud- 
bushel ingland 
ing land 
cial fer- 
cent). 
Gross 
ing land 
ing land 
X 1 rental 
rental 
tilizer 
returns. 
rental 
rental 
yield), i 
or in- 
or in- 
in total 
or in- 
or in- 
terest. 
terest. 
cost. 
terest. 
terest. 
Per acre 
Per acre 
Per acre 
Per acre 
Per cent 
Per acre 
Per cent 
Per cent 
Per cent 
$15.60 
$12.27 
$8.52 
$0.82 
127 
$1.20 
100 
100 
100 
36.96 
28.47 
18.24 
20.88 
30.98 
20.62 
14.78 
14.60 
27.77 
16.82 
11.72 
10.14 
7.80 
3.02 
2.43 
.61 
120 
138 
124 
143 
7.78 
5.04 
2.34 
2.23 
237 
182 
117 
134 
252 
168 
120 
119 
326 
197 
South Atlantic 
138 
East North Central 
119 
West North Central 
14.04 
10.52 
7.22 
.26 
133 
.94 
90 
86 
85 
East South Central 
15.40 
12.92 
22.40 
25.92 
12.83 
10.78 
10.99 
14.64 
9.59 
7.68 
7.89 
10.18 
1.39 
.58 
.12 
.33 
120 
120 
204 
177 
1.16 
.90 
1.80 
3.11 
99 
83 
144 
166 
105 
88 
90 
119 
113 
West South Central 
90 
Mountain 
93 
Pacific 
119 
New England: 
Maine 
35.70 
34.76 
37.05 
30.73 
34.55 
27.54 
10.67 
5.92 
96 
113 
5.50 
7.83 
229 
223 
302 
250 
406 
New Hampshire 
323 
Vermont 
33.60 
36.90 
40.32 
39.48 
27.68 
•29.04 
28.12 
33.26 
24.20 
25.54 
25.37 
29.43 
4.48 
8.00 
8.00 
9.70 
121 
127 
143 
119 
9.02 
9.00 
9.00 
6.33 
215 
237 
258 
253 
226 
237 
229 
271 
284 
300 
Rhode Island 
298 
Connecticut 
345 
Middle Atlantic: 
New York 
28.86 
27.74 
28.29 
21.84 
22.08 
17.93 
18.15 
17.91 
14.41 
2.80 
4.26 
2.00 
132 
126 
157 
5.91 
4.96 
4.25 
185 
178 
181 
178 
180 
146 
213 
New Jersev 
210 
Pennsylvania 
169 
i Costs of production from a special inquiry of the Bureau of Crop Estimates (" Crop Reporter, " April, 
1911). Although the data were compiled in the year 1909, they were collated on a uniform and comparable 
basis, and for the present purpose of comparing average cost conditions in one State or section with another 
they possess particular value. 
2 Excluding by-products, which were considered as being offset, roughly, by values of farm manure 
applied. 
