DATES OF EGYPT AND THE SUDAN. ral 
Tas LE I.— Meteorological data for stations in the three great climatic zones of Egypt and 
the Sudan, showing the characteristic date varieties for each type of climate. 
Mean pemmper ature Heat 
Mean Ce units 
Zone and locality. relative ane Varieties of dates grown. 
humidity. February Ma cIntG 
Annual. to O at 3] 
October. ¢ 
Maritime subtropical: 
penne tan figs ae, SES SF He ee gO a 2: Aglany, Amri, Bint Aischa, 
EE ere aaa ; secs Hayany, Kobi, Samany, 
Gizehicsa eae eee eee 69 67. 28 70. 86 2,179 Zagloul 
END DAS as Sear eens ae 62 69. 96 73. 68 2,714 z Y 
Desert subtropical: 
USO Gas le rae eee ate ek Malate total ge yet aca nie Pee sted citayalfen miatevete eiarerell erates einer Die 
Rola ee ee tec 54//62168/ 908 |i 72 NSA ousGau|| Seto: Hama wi, Hayany, 
F Siwah. 
EN ADD ths S ess ee ig tN Uae ge [SE aes I are cr rl eee Ro ae en pe ae 
SLUG CASSIUG) io ties ce es 53 70. 29 74.08 3,147 4 
Dakchlehasecc es issues Je eis | 36 73. 92 78. 40 3,675 | Saidy, cutee; Tamr, Ham- 
rawi, Falig. 
SANG Wee tation ay a a A EL 39 77.30 81. 92 4, 296 Barakawi, “Bartamoda,’’ 
: Gondeila, “Ibrimi.” 
Desert tropical: 
d loves baa ips ea ees IS Np NONE |e tye esil ee puagte lesan ee ec ece oars I ee r rte a 
Wiadieblalitax: a3 ssssee= see 34 77.05 81. 54 4,160 ||“‘Ibrimi,’’ Barakawi, Ben- 
IMieCrOWOen. eee eee eens sap Sona 24 81. 84 85. 61 4,708 tamoda, Gondeila, Kosha, 
IASG DAT A meee ae ep trees genet 38 81.73 84.95 4,454 Kulma. 
IRAE G UM ee ear yee ee ee 33 82.95 85. 69 4,396 
THE MARITIME SUBTROPICAL ZONE. 
_ Of the 22 varieties of dates here listed, 7 are grown only in the 
delta, or their culture extends but a short distance into Upper Egypt. 
Of these, 5 varieties are used only in the fresh, or ‘‘rutab”’ (succulent), 
condition. These are the Bint Aischa, Hayany, Kobi, Samany, and 
Zagloul. 
The territory represented by these varieties has the three meteoro- 
logical stations of Alexandria, Port Said, and Gizeh (Table I), which 
gives almost uniform mean temperatures, the annual means varying 
less than 2 degrees and the means for the 9 months of the growth of 
the flower stalk and fruit, February to October, inclusive, being almost 
uniformly 70° F. 
In explanation of the significance of column 5 of Table I, headed 
“Heat units above 64.4° F.,” the following extracts from pages 63 
and 65, Bulletin No. 53 of the Bureau of Plant Industry, by Walter 
T. Swingle, including table 9, from page 66 of the same bulletin, are 
here given: 
It has been calculated by De Candolle that temperatures down to 18° C. or 64.4° 
F. have no effect on the flowering or fruiting of the date palm, and a study of the 
record sheets of a self-recording thermometer kept at Biskra in the midst of a date 
orchard confirmed the correctness of this assumption. In other words, this relatively 
high temperature is the zero point for this plant, so far as flowering and fruiting are 
concerned, though it is able to grow at somewhat lower temperatures. . . . The 
table [table 9] gives the summation of effective temperatures during the fruiting 
season of the date palm for a number of points in North Africa and in the Southwestern 
States. 
