GAME LAWS FOE 1913. 3 
An interesting experiment has been undertaken in Utah, where 
the game commissioner, with the concurrence of the State board of 
examiners, is authorized to set aside and maintain a public hunting 
reserve in the comities of Salt Lake, Davis, and Box Elder. 
Numerous States are restocking preserves with elk and other big 
game. In the effort to protect this game Pennsylvania, Vermont, 
West Virginia, and Wisconsin have protected elk for a term of 
years, and in Massachusetts, where a few moose have escaped from 
the Blue Mountain Forest Reserve into the adjoining woodlands, a 
perpetual close season for moose has been provided in the hope that 
this area may eventually be restocked from this nucleus. 
REFUGES. 
One of the marked features of the legislation of the year was the 
unusual progress in the establishment of bird and game refuges. 
By Executive order four national bird reserves have been created, 
the Aleutian, Reservation, containing the entire chain of Aleutian 
Islands, in Alaska, and the smaller reservations of Walker Lake 
in Arkansas, Petit Bois Island on the coast of Alabama, and Anaho 
Island in Pyramid Lake, Nevada, thus bringing the total number 
of national bird reservations up to 64. During recent months the 
Niobrara Bird Reservation has also been enlarged and stocked with 
a herd of buffalo, elk, and deer. An item in the act of March 4. 
1913, contains an appropriation for the completion and maintenance 
of the elk refuge in Wyoming. 
No less than 18 State game preserves were created, 14 in the United 
States and 4 in Manitoba. In Washington the county game com- 
missioners were authorized to create game preserves, not to include 
more than three townships in a county, and the authorities of Michi- 
gan, Ohio, and Vermont were authorized to establish game preserves 
by contract on private lands. The Pennsylvania commission set 
aside a preserve in Center County for the protection of elk, deer, 
and other game, and this reservation has already been stocked with 
a herd of 10 elk secured from a private preserve. 
Montana created the Sun River Game Preserve in the Lewis and 
Clark National Forest; Oregon, the Imnaha, Deschutes, Steen's 
Mountain, Sturgeon Lake, Capitol, and Grass Mountain Preserves; 
South Dakota, a preserve in Custer County and appropriated $15,000 
for fencing and stocking it; Utah, the Strawberry Valley and Fish 
Lake State game preserves ; Washington, a preserve near Commence- 
ment Bay on Puget Sound; and Wyoming modified the boundaries 
of the Teton and Big Horn preserves and established three new refuges 
known as the Laramie, Popo Agie, and Shoshone preserves. In 
Canada, the Riding Mountain, Spruce Woods, Turtle Mountain, and 
Duck Mountain game preserves were created in Manitoba, 
