MARKETING SOUTHERN-GROWN SWEET POTATOES. 
27 
in the shipper's opinion, is not suitable, a protest in a form similar to 
the following should be addressed to the agent : 
You are advised that car L. & X. 46753, placed by you for loading with sweet pota- 
toes in accordance with my request of March 10 is not suitable on account of a broken 
door and leaky roof. Notice is hereby given that this car is loaded under protest. 
Orders for cars and notices of protest should be written in duplicate, 
the shipper retaining copies for possible use in establishing claims for 
damage or loss in transit. Accepted cars should be loaded promptly. 
DEMURRAGE. 
Under existing regulations shippers are allowed 48 hours in which 
to load, after which a demurrage charge is made for each day or frac- 
tion of a day until the car is released. The free time is computed 
from the first 7 a. m. after placement on public delivery tracks with- 
out notice to the shipper. However, if a car is not placed within 24 
hours after 7 a. m. of the day for which it is ordered, free time is com- 
puted from 7 a. m. after the day on which notice of placement is sent 
or given to the shipper. On cars held for reconsignment, diversion, 
or reshipment, or held in transit on the order of the consignor, con- 
signee, or owner, 24 hours free time is allowed. 
L e-6 -' 
4r=J 
Fig. 11.— Method of loading bushel crates (12 by 12 by 15 inches) in a 36-foot car. Main load should 
not be more than four layers high, but additional crates may be loaded, if necessarv, as shown in 
the end view. 
LOADING CRATES. 
Standard bushel crates (12 by 12 by 15) should be loaded as shown 
in Figure 11. The height of the main load should be four layers, as 
shown in the end view of the figure. 
A "layer" is a course or stratum of the load in a car, one package 
in height; a ''stack" is a pile of packages extending; from one side of 
the car to the other, one package in length; and a row" is a pile of 
packages extending lengthwise of the car one package in width. 
The first layer should be loaded with the tops up, and the crates 
should extend from end to end of the car, filling; the floor space. 
Each cross layer should be stripped, the strips being not less than 
one-half inch thick and 1 inch wide. One end of each strip should 
rest against the side of the car, alternating from one side to the other 
with each strip. The strips should be nailed to the front and back 
of the top of each crate. Other layers should be loaded and stripped 
in the same manner. 
If it is necessary to load additional crates, they should be placed 
lengthwise, as illustrated, on top of the last layer, braced with strips, 
and arranged so that they will not obstruct ventilation. When the 
floor space is not completely filled, the load should be braced accord- 
ing to the method described on page 29. This plan of loading should 
be followed as closely as possible when crates of other dimensions are 
used. The number of crates loaded in a car usually ranges from 
500 to 600. 
