A STUDY OF FARM ORGANIZATION IN CENTRAL KANSAS 
47 
STANDARD REQUIREMENTS 
The following are suggested as standard requirements of feeds and 
labor for an annual production of 200 pounds of butterfat per cow on 
the farms of this area. They are given with and without silage. In 
computing these standards it is assumed that the livestock will have 
access to straw in addition to the feeds listed. 
With silage: 
Grain pounds.. 1,000 
Protein supplements 
pounds.. 300 
Alfalfa do 2,500 
Silage do 6,000 
Pasture days__ 100 
Veterinary services and 
medicine costs $0.40 
Man labor hours- _ 120 
Horse work do 10 
Without silage: 
Grain pounds-- 1,000 
Protein supplements 
pounds. _ 300 
Alfalfa do 4,000 
Corn or sorghum fodder 
pounds-- 1, 500 
Pasture days__ 200 
Veterinary services and 
medicine costs $0.40 
Man labor hours- _ 120 
Horse work- . do 10 
Standard for beef cattle producing 300 pounds of beef per livestock 
unit are suggested as follows : 
With silage, having access to 
straw : 
600 
Grain pounds- _ 
Protein supplements 
pounds-- 100 
Alfalfa do 600 
Silage do,___ 3,000 
Pasture days__ 200 
Veterinary services and 
medicine costs $0. 25 
Man labor hours- _ 50 
Horse work do 15 
Without silage, having access to 
straw : 
Grain pounds- _ 600 
Protein supplements 
pounds-- 100 
Alfalfa do 600 
Corn fodder or sorghum 
hay pounds.- 2,500 
Pasture days__ 200 
Veterinary services and 
medicine costs $0. 25 
Man labor hours. _ 50 
Horse work do 15 
HOGS 
A few hogs are kept on most of the farms of this area. On many 
farms they are kept primarily as a means of using waste products 
from the house — skim milk, etc. — in the production of pork ior home 
use or for sale. Following years of good corn yields, more hogs are 
kept for breeding purposes and more hogs raised (see fig. 5) . There 
are no purebred herds on these farms, although there are a few pure- 
bred individuals. About 15 per cent of the pork produced on these 
farms was butchered for home consumption. The average weight of 
the hogs butchered in 1922 was 242 pounds. 
Only 11 of the 20 farms included in this study in 1922 produced 
1,000 pounds of pork or over. On these farms from 1 to 5 brood 
sows per farm were kept. An average of 10 pigs per sow was 
farrowed in 1922. Two-thirds of these were spring pigs and one- 
third fall pigs. One-fourth of these pigs died before weaning time. 
Sows on about half of the farms produced two litters a year. The 
average weight of hogs sold in 1922 was 144 pounds, with a range 
from 66 to 281 pounds on different farms. 
FEED AND LABOR REQUIREMENTS FOR HOGS 
More than 90 per cent of the grain fed consisted of corn. Small 
amounts of wheat, oats, barley, rye, kafir, and milo were also fed. 
Wheat middlings were fed to some extent on about half of the farms. 
