8 BULLETIN 1232, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
of the ceiling, had been built out into space, forming weird branch- 
ing effects (PI. IV, Z>, E). The workers were seen at the ends of 
these free galleries, adding particles to them. The longest of these 
very unusual and interesting free, branching shelter tubes measured 
exactly 5 inches from the point of attachment to the free end. 
Along the concrete walls, where the galleries were scraped off, small 
holes made by these termites right into the concrete were found 
in places. These holes were usually at an angle of about 45° to the 
surface, and in one case almost 1 millimeter in depth, although the 
majority were only about one-half millimeter deep. In all proba- 
bility these intrusions into the concrete are made only in soft 
places, and the writers do not believe that any process of solution, 
due to the liquid ejected from the mouth or frontal gland open- 
ing of the termites, is involved. Additional notes are given in the 
legends to the photographs (PI. IV) illustrating this species. 
This termite was found also in a manhole opposite lamp post 600, 
east wall, Miraflores Locks, Canal Zone (lake side) on the same 
day. They were along the concrete and along the lead-sheathed 
cables in the manhole. 
On November 30, 1921, Zetek and Molino found shelter tubes of 
Leucotermes tenuis in the restaurant of Ancon Inn, Panama City. 
J Street, near to Ancon, Canal Zone. Several good termite galleries 
were seen starting from the cross timbers of the ceiling 'and con- 
tinuing down the walls. In one case the gallery as it left the timber 
was suspended in the air and was not attached to the wall until 
a point about 11 inches from the timber was reached ; from this 
point, however, it descended the wall. In another case about 16 
inches of shelter tube was free from attachment to the Avail. At 
10 p. m., November 29, a mark was made at the end of one of the 
wall galleries. The next day at 10 a. m. this was inspected and it 
was found that in this 12-hour interval the termites had built 12-i 
inches of additional gallery. At the opening of the gallery, but 
protected by the walls of the tube, two soldiers were stationed. 
The slender workers came out of the tube, sometimes as much as 
twice the length of their bodies, and with their mouths deposited 
something resembling flyspecks on the wall surface. From one to 
three workers came out at the same time and did not appear to be 
troubled by the light. Other workers were seen to add small pellets 
to the still fragile end of the built tube. On scraping the gallery, 
parts of the plaster and concrete were found into which the termites 
had made impressions, but these were extremely shallow, not over 
0.25 millimeter deep. 
INJURY TO LIVING CROPS. 
On April 25, 1922, Zetek found Leucotermes tenuis infesting 
sugar cane on La Chironga Farm, near Chitre, Republic of Pan- 
ama. The infested cane is usually brownish in color, and the damage 
was frequently from 10 to 35 per cent. Tims far this appears to 
be the most serious sugar-cane pest in Panama. 
COPTOTERMES NIGER Snyder. 
As was predicted, Ooptotermes r&ger is proving to be one of the 
most destructive termite- of Panama. These termites injure living 
