36 
BULLETIN 654, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
already been shown to be one of the three leading enterprises on 42 
diversified farms. 
Chickens and turkeys are the kinds of poultry almost universally 
raised, the chickens for the eggs produced and the turkeys for the 
market. The climate is adapted to egg production and the average 
production per hen is large, the average value of the eggs produced on 
476 farms being $2.03 per hen. 
A flock of from 50 to 100 turkeys usually adds a nice sum to the 
total receipts, and since when allowed to roam the alfalfa fields at will 
they require little grain to prepare them for the market, their addi- 
tion to the receipts is nearly all profit. Twenty-one poultry farms . 
averaging 27 acres in size made an average farm income of SI, 044. 
The average labor income was $409. 
GRAIN FARMING. 
Grain farming (see fig. 11) affords a ready means of rotation for 
run-down alfalfa fields, and is extensively used for this purpose. 
Fig. 10.— A poultry farm of 10 acres — Salt River Valley. 
Grain is also grown on newer lands, and by renters on cheaper lands 
whose owners live elsewhere and hold the lands for speculative pur- 
poses. It is a favorite crop on lands that secure most of their water 
during flood times, as the flood waters are available at seasons more 
suited to grain culture than any other crop. It is also a favorite crop 
with the possessors of school lands, who have not wished to make too 
extensive improvements of their lands until after they learn upon 
just what terms they are to be allowed to come into permanent posses- 
sion of them. Because of the cheaper lands upon which the grain 
crops are grown, involving a lower interest charge against the farm 
income, grain farms show a relatively higher labor income than would 
otherwise be the case. 
Wheat, barley, and the grain sorghums are the leading grain crops. 
Oats and corn are of minor importance, though they are included in 
considering all receipts from grain. Milo maize, feterita, and kafir 
corn are the favorite grain sorghums. 
