34 BULLETIN 654, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
expanding during recent years, on account of the general tendency 
of Arizona farmers to substitute live-stock farming for hay and grain 
fanning. The market seems to be quite local in character, and a 
very marked depreciation in price followed a marked increase in the 
number of hogs kept on the farms in 1915. Where large quantities 
of grain are fed to hogs the farm income and labor income are both 
uniformly low. Poor results are also obtained where large numbers 
of hogs are kept on the same farm. The best results have thus far 
been obtained where hogs are kept as a minor enterprise in combina- 
tion with dairying or grain farming, the hogs getting most of their 
subsistence on alfalfa pasture and being fattened only a short time 
on waste grain or skim milk. It is conceded that the quality of 
pork produced on skim milk is not equal to that produced on barley, 
but the fact remains that most of the profit is taken out of the hog 
enterprise when grain constitutes the chief article of feed for any 
considerable time. 
HORSES. 
Raising horses for the market is incidental to the keeping of 
necessary work stock; of 627 farms only 3 were found upon which 
the marketing of horses assumed a magnitude approaching a major 
enterprise. These farms are classified as diversified farms, since 
several other enterprises also found upon them were of equal impor- 
tance to horses. Growing colts contribute more or less to the 
receipts upon a large number of the farms, but the amount of such 
receipts is of minor importance, except in a few cases upon diver- 
sified farms. 
SHEEP. 
Sheep raising in the irrigated valleys of southern Arizona is of 
minor importance, only 3 farms being found where sheep assumed 
the magnitude of a major enterprise, and 2 of these combined 
sheep with some other enterprise. The use of sheep for ditch- 
cleaning purposes is advantageous, and for this purpose a small flock 
of sheep may well be kept on nearly every farm, but in general at 
this time sheep raising on a large scale is not profitable. The 3 
farms upon which sheep raising was the chief source of receipts 
averaged 231 acres in size and obtained from sheep an average of 
43.6 per cent of their total receipts. The average results were: 
Receipts, $7,637; farm income, $3,793; labor income, minus $337. 
That is to say, the average farm business lacked $337 of paying 
expenses and interest on investment. 
DIVERSIFIED FARMING. 
All farms have been classified as diversified upon which the inter- 
ests of the operator have been about equally distributed among 3 or 
more enterprises, taking into account receipts, acreage, and capital 
