FAEM ORGANIZATION IN SOUTHERN ARIZONA. 
25 
successful as a general proposition than those farmers who sold little 
or no hay. The effect of increasing percentage receipts from hay 
on farm income and labor income is shown in Table IX: 
. Table IX. — Depressing effect on farm income and labor income of increasing percentage 
of receipts from sales of hay, 1913 to 1915. 
Per cent of receipts from hay. 
Number 
of farms. 
0to5 
5.1 to 25.. 
25.1 to 45. 
45.1 to 65. 
65.1 to 100 
327 
128 
74 
44 
56 
Average 
percent- 
age re- 
ceipts 
fromhav. 
0.6 
12.3 
33. 9 
53. 4 
77.6 
Average 
area. 
Acres. 
119 
112 
78 
100 
105 
Number 
failing 
to make 
8 per 
cent. 
Average 
receipts. 
$5, 157 
4,335 
2,985 
3, ISO 
3,931 
Average 
farm 
income 
J3,104 
2,(1'. 1 1 
1,800 
1,913 
2,222 
Average 
labor 
iii( e. 
•SI, 079 
734 
470 
18 
476 
SALE OF PASTURE. 
The sale of pasture is an important side line on nearly all hay- 
farms, especially those in Salt River and Yuma Valleys. A consider- 
able crop of "aftermath" which grows after the last cutting of hay 
in the season is usually marketed in the form of pasture. On the 
heavier soils irrigation during the hottest part of midsummer causes 
a growth of wild grasses known as "water grass" to spring up in 
the fields, which distinctly checks the growth of the alfalfa. The 
midsummer crop is also injured more or less by worms produced by 
a common butterfly. For these reasons it is often more profitable 
to market this crop as pasture than to cut it for hay. More or less 
hay is always damaged by the local showers of the midsummer rainy 
season, and by feeding this hay to cattle along with green forage it 
often may be marketed when otherwise there would be no demand 
for it. . 
The pasture is paid for by the cattle feeders at a stated price per 
head per month. The price varies from being occasionally as low 
as $1 per head per month to $2.50 per month. The higher prices 
prevail during the winter season, when usually some second class 
hay is fed along with the pasture. Of the farms studied there were 
but 13 upon which the sale of pasture was of sufficient importance 
to make it a leading enterprise. Their average size was 150 acres, 
and the average receipts, farm income, and labor income were $3,673, 
$2,454, and $417 respectively. These results are slightly lower than 
those obtained when the sale of hay was a leading enterprise. 
ALFALFA SEED. 
The production of alfalfa seed for the market is a leading enterprise 
in Yuma Valley and in what is known as the "Buckeye" country, an 
isolated strip of irrigated land on the Gila River below Salt River 
Valley, having the town of Buckeye at its center. The enterprise is 
