FARM ORGANIZATION IN SOUTHERN ARIZONA. 3 
The sale of pasture is an important side line to hay farming, but 
iwhen made a major enterprise is not as profitable as hay farming. 
j Fattening beef cattle for the market is a popular and profitable 
enterprise on the larger farms. 
The enterprises that do not depend upon alfalfa for their exist- 
H ence are cotton farming, grain farming, fruit farming, poultry farm- 
| ing, and trucking and gardening. 
Cotton farming is a new enterprise, based on an acclimatized variety 
of Egyptian cotton which promises to be a profitable rotation crop 
with alfalfa. 
Grain farming is relatively profitable only on the cheaper lands. 
Poultry raising is a profitable enterprise, especially on the small 
J farms, and is an important side line on farms of all sizes. 
Fruit farming is relatively profitable on the small farms, though 
fruit lands are so highly valued that they often fail to pay current 
interest rates on their valuation. They furnish a relatively high 
standard of living and a relatively low standard of wages to the 
| farmer. 
Trucking and gardening are unpopular, and are believed by most 
! of the farmers in the districts to be unprofitable. Cantaloupes are 
! highly speculative, sometimes returning high profits and sometimes 
failing to pay freight bills on shipments. 
Diversified farming when based on dairying or poultry is relatively 
I more profitable than hay farming, but not as profitable as dairying. 
It has made its best development on farms of medium size where 
dairying and poultry are strongly emphasized among the diversified 
; enterprises. 
Some adaptation of type to size of farm is necessary; poultry raising, 
dairying, and fruit farming being required on small farms, dairying 
being adapted to the farms of medium size, and the beef-cattle enter- 
prise giving the best returns on the larger farms. 
The amount of capital required varies with the size of the farm 
and the enterprises to be selected. The farm income and labor 
income rise almost directly with increase in capital invested. 
Farmers with little means find it more profitable to rent than to 
buy land, and the^renter makes relatively much more for his labor, 
| which is his chief asset, than the owner farmer. This is due to a low- 
renting value of land compared with its commercial value, landlords 
making an average of 4.87 per cent net on the valuation of their 
lands. 
Here, as in most other farming regions, the size of the farm has a 
direct bearing upon the standard of living afforded the operator, and 
also upon the wages he receives for his labor. There is a constant 
and steady rise in both labor income and farm income as the average 
size of the farms rises from 11 acres in the smallest-size group to 530 
