GROWING SUGAR BEETS IN UTAH AND IDAHO. 21 
Table IX. — Leveling practice. 
District. 
Year. 
Num- 
ber of 
farm 
records . 
Acres 
leveled 
per 
farm. 
Times 
leveled. 
Average crew. 
Hours per acre. 
Total 
cost 
Man. 
Horse. 
Man. 
Horse. 
per 
acre. 
1914-15 
1914-15 
1915 
80 
57 
35 
18. 27 
14.37 
20.27 
1.52 
1.39 
1.58 
1 
1 
1 
3.70 
3.09 
3.66 
1.42 
1.87 
1.28 
5.18 
5.60 
4.77 
$0.75 
.92 
.74 
Idaho Falls 
Leveling requires a generous supply of horsepower in order to do 
the work efficiently. In performing this operation the dominant 
crew used on the farms studied consisted of one man and four horses. 
Ninety- three reports gave crews of this size, and the distribution 
shows that 57 records belonged to Garland, 14 to Provo, and 22 to 
Idaho Falls. The crew next in size, one man and three horses, was 
found in 23 Garland, 34 Provo, and 13 Idaho Falls records. Provo 
farmers gave nine estimates showing crews with one man and two 
horses. The latter district had the highest cost per acre for leveling. 
An average day's work with the leveler varied from 7 to 11 acres. 
FLOATING. 
The float is designed primarily to crush clods. It is homemade and 
may be placed in the same class as the leveler. It is constructed out 
of planks lapped one upon another, forming a beveled surface that 
comes in contact with the soil. The average float was about 8 feet in 
width. This homemade affair is often attached to the rear of the 
harrow, thereby pulverizing and crushing the soil hi one operation. 
Occasionally the same result may be obtained by fastening a single 
plank behind the harrow. There were only 15 records which dealt 
with floating; 11 of these were obtained at Provo. A survey of the 
practice on the Provo farms indicates that the ground was gone over 
on an average of 1.8 times, with time consumed approximately 1.89 
man hours and 4.93 horse hours per acre, and cost 85 cents per acre. 
At Idaho Falls the floating was done only once, at an average cost 
of 55 cents per acre. One special clod masher was recorded in these 
studies, the cost with this implement being approximately 39 cents 
per acre for one treatment. 
HARROWING. 
The harrow is an important tillage implement on every farm. 
It is not only used extensively in the preparation of land which is 
to be seeded to grain, but it also plays a very important part in 
the development of a suitable seed for intertilled crops. Two types 
were found in each section — namely, the common spike-tooth harrow 
and the spring-tooth harrow. Estimates were secured covering the 
use of each of these implements. (See Tables X and XL) 
