FALL-SOWN OATS IN THE SOUTH 9 
ditions which require a high degree of hardiness for survival, the 
weaker, less hardy strains one by one have been lost and only the 
more hardy ones remain. This may have resulted in hardier and 
more productive mass varieties during later years. 
Among the varieties grown for 10 years or longer, the Winter 
Turf selections (C. I. Nos. 485-4 and 541-4) have outyielded all 
others. (Fig.6.) These selections were made by C. W. Warburton # 
at the Arlington Experiment Farm in 1908. Owing to their rather 
undesirable kernel color and very late maturity, characteristics com- 
mon to all Winter Turf oats, these improved strains have been dis- 
tributed to only. a very limited extent. Yields of these two strains 
have not varied greatly one from the other, and the two have out- 
yielded the original Winter Turf (C. I. No. 431), otherwise the oat 
variety giving the highest 10-year average yield at Arlington, by 
about 8 bushels to the acre as an average. 
YELL O /IN cu aie ed 
40 ZO GO FO 60 70 oO 
4INTILER TURF 
C.4NO. AGS —4 
CULBELR SOV 
C.4.NM0. 273 
EICAWELL 
CLNOE. Z06ANO 206-155 
C1 NOS. I1E3 AND 1815 
PA ULGHU/F 
C.4NWO. 7908 
AURLOCG 
C.4NV0.83/ 
Fic. 6.—Average acre yields of leading strains of fall-sown oats in each of ‘six varietal groups grown 
in field plots at the Arlington Experiment Farm during the 10-year period from 1916 to 1925, 
inclusive 
In the Culberson group only three strains have been grown for 10 
years or longer. None of these strains has shown particular promise 
as compared with the Winter Turf selections, although Culberson 
(C. I. No. 273) has yielded approximately as much as the original 
Winter Turf. 
But one strain of Bicknell is now grown at Arlington Farm. While 
the average yield data of this selection and the original Bicknell 
variety compare favorably with the original Winter Turf and Cul- 
berson, the selection is not so good as the Winter Turf selections. 
In the Red Rustproof group no strain has been grown continuously 
for the 10-year period from 1916 to 1925, inclusive. The combined 
yield data for the two Red Rustproof strains (C. I. Nos. 518-3 and 
1815) are presented. The yields of these selections compare very 
poorly with those of the strains previously discussed. The average 
yield is just 20 bushels less than that of the best Winter Turf strain. 
Red Rustproof is far less winter hardy than Winter Turf, the 
most hardy type known, or even than Culberson or Bicknell, these 
4C. W. Warburton, Director of Extension Work of the United States Department of Agriculture, 
.formerly agronomist in charge of oat investigations in the Office of Cereal Crops and Diseases. 
29518° 
