2 BULLETIN 1444, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
are to be satisfied. The historical development of cotton marketing- 
shows that demand factors took the lead in molding cotton-marketing 
methods. 2 Much of a given cotton crop is bought long before it is 
grown. The spinner often contracts for his supplies of the new crop 
in June and July. The purchase from the farmer is frequently the 
last transaction in the series through which the spinners Obtain their 
cotton. If the crop turns out much less than anticipated, more cotton 
may have been sold than is actually grown. Not all cotton is sold 
on contract before it is delivered by the farmer, especially in the lat- 
ter part of a season when the outturn is large or larger than expected, 
but even here much of the cotton is sold for forward delivery before 
harvest. 
Because of this method of doing so large a part of the business 
on " basis " for forward delivery, this study begins with a brief analy- 
sis of demand and supply factors and is followed by a consideration 
of spinners' markets and of the local market. The growers should 
be placed in a position to grow a commodity to meet a fairly well- 
known demand. They should more closely coordinate the volume of 
their production and the quality of it to the wishes of the market. 
USES OF COTTON 
Broadly speaking, the uses of cotton may be grouped under three 
heads: (1) In manufacture of clothing, (2) in industry, and (3) in 
household furnishings. In the United States the best available data 
show that approximately 50 p>er cent of the 6,000,000 bales of 478 
pounds net consumed in the mills of the United States in 1919 went 
into clothing, 34 per cent into industry, and about 16 per cent into 
articles for household use. 
Table 1. 
-Raw cotton, including linters, consumed by industries in census years, 
1904-1919 
Industry 
1904 
1909 
1914 
1919 
Cotton manufactures 
Pounds 
1, 876, 437, 150 
Pounds 
2, 335, 344, 906 
Pounds 
2, 523, 500, 837 
Pounds 
2,758,355,619 
Woolen manufactures: 
28, 279, 832 
4, 333, 576 
1, 997, 369 
1, 982, 624 
15, 801, 394 
4, 222, 667 
5, 147, 130 
1, 375, 670 
23, 915, 496 
4, 471, 526 
3, 802, 789 
3, 117, 272 
14, 629, 920 
2, 745, 483 
Carpets and rugs. 
3, 864, 826 
Felt goods . 
1,442,406 
Total - 
36, 593, 401 
26, 546, 861 
35, 307, 083 
22, 682, 635 
Knit goods. 
50, 586, 760 
18, 142, 735 
44, 400 
75, 416, 023 
27, 624, 490 
293, 292 
88, 390, 208 
32, 336, 685 
399, 965 
93, 050, 318 
Cordage and twine, jute goods and linen 
goods. 
31, 685, 111 
Wool shoddy ... . . 
6,000 
Total 
1, 981, 804, 446 
2, 465, 225, 572 
2, 679, 934, 778 
2, 905, 779. 683 
Rearranged from Fourteenth Census of the United States, Manufactures, Vol. X, p. 150. 
- See mimeographed report, Evolution of Cotton Marketing, by Alonzo B. Cox. 
