30 BULLETIN 214, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
The best average yield for the six years from an} T one method of 
treatment is 14.9 bushels per acre from corn ground plowed in the 
spring before seeding to wheat. This is closely approached by sum- 
mer tillage, with an average yield of 14.6 bushels per acre, The next 
highest yield, 13.3 bushels per acre, has been from corn ground plowed 
in the fall before seeding to wheat. 
Disked corn ground has yielded an average of 11.2 bushels per acre. 
This yield is exceeded by nine- tenths of a bushel per acre by wheat 
following wheat on spring plowing. 
Spring plowing has been productive of markedly heavier crops than 
fall plowing, irrespective of whether it was corn, wheat, or oat stubble 
that was plowed. 
Furrowing with a lister and leaving the ground rough through the 
winter has given results practically the same as fall plowing similar 
stubble. 
Subsoiling has been done at the expense of a decrease in the yields 
every year except the first, when its increase over similar stubble 
plowed at the same time was only 0.9 bushel per acre. 
Green manuring has given about the same yields as land from 
which a crop was harvested. Of the different crops used for green 
manure rye has been the best and sweet clover the poorest, as judged 
by the yields obtained immediately following them. 
When the cost of production is considered in connection with the 
yields obtained from different methods, the arrangement as presented 
shows a profit of S3. 09 per acre from disked corn ground and $2.52 
from spring plowing. Fall plowing and listed land both show merely 
nominal profits of a few cents per acre. Subsoiling and summer 
tillage show losses of $1.99 and $1.28, respectively. The high cost 
of green manure has increased the loss from it to $7.68 per acre. A 
more detailed presentation would show that the greater part of the 
profit from both spring and fall plowing was from corn ground. 
HAYS FIELD STATION. 
The soil on which the experimental work has been conducted at 
Hays, Kans., is a heavy silt loam. Penetration of water to the lower 
depths is slow. The very compact zone in the third foot offers 
marked resistance both to the downward passage of water and to the 
development of roots. While the evidence is not as complete as 
might be desired, it appears that the proportion of water that can be 
stored in the soil is comparatively high. 
The results of five years are available from the Hays station, the 
crop of 1909 having been lost through a hail storm that destroyed it 
before maturity. Only two years have been productive of fair crops. 
The year 1914 has not been considered in computing averages. In- 
dications are that under ordinary farm conditions yields might have 
